BuzzFeed post on animal reproduction

February 16, 2015 • 9:55 am

I’m starting to get really wary of “aggregators,” those sites that simply steal stuff from other sites, don’t give them credit, and usually compile lists of things that seem to attract people, like “The 7 things you need to know to have great sex,” or “You won’t believe what this cat did!”.  What bothers me is the lack of attribution; the use of other people’s work to get $$ for the aggregators. If you want to learn how these things work, and how the sites care only about profit and not journalism, read the article from the January 5 New Yorker, “King of Clickbait” by Andrew Marantz (free read). It’s about Emerson Spartz, a Chicago boy who made good by creating one aggregator site after another. It’s an eye-opening piece and should give you a distaste for the whole enterprise.

That said, I’ll now be hypocritical and call your attention to a piece I contributed to (before I’d read the above article!) on animal reproduction. They wanted someone with “authority” to remark upon the reproductive habits of animals, and so I said some stuff about spiders, mites, and bowerbirds. Here’s the click-attracting headline, and you can go to the piece by clicking on the salacious screenshot.

Screen Shot 2015-02-16 at 9.27.25 AM

“Get laid”? Really? Is that the way to turn kids onto biology, or only raise their hormone titer?

But I must admit that the quote about chocolate and roses is mine. I am a bad person.

But I am not responsible for this headline about the mating structure built by red mites. I wish people wouldn’t have to porn up animal reproduction, which is fascinating enough without this kind of embellishment.

Screen Shot 2015-02-16 at 9.30.20 AM
SERIOUSLY?

 

 

Muhammad on flies and disease: the scientific wisdom of the Qur’an and hadith

February 16, 2015 • 9:00 am

In my readings for The Albatross on how Muslims reconcile science and the Qur’an, I found a strong strain (not so prevalent in Christianity) of sycretism, or rather what I call “coincidentalism,” an accommodaitonist tactic I describe in my book. Muslims will parse the Qur’an or the hadith, find something that sounds vaguely scientific, and then claim that Muhammad anticipated all of modern science. These claims include the fields of physics, chemistry, biology, evolution, and even quantum mechanics. Christians sometimes do the same thing, saying that the Genesis story supports the Big Bang or (because of the order of creation, which of course varies between Genesis I and II) even evolution. This pathetic endeavor shows that religionists really do want empirical support for their faith, for why else would they try to show that their God accurately prophesied the findings of science?

Here’s an excerpt from The Albatross showing how far this endeavor can go:

Muslim accommodationists, who, like most Muslims, take the Quran literally, have their own form of scientific creationism, asserting that the book is not only scientifically accurate on all issues, but actually anticipated every finding of modern science. The results are both pathetic and amusing. Dr. Halûk Nurbaki, for instance, collected fifty verses from the Quran, striving mightily to show that they predicted the discovery of gravity, the atomic nucleus, the Big Bang, and quantum mechanics. He translated one such verse as, “The fire you kindle arises from green trees.” Nurbaki sees this as a divine indication of the oxygen produced by plants and consumed by fire, adding, “It was impossible 14 centuries ago for unbelievers to understand the stupendous biological secret this verse contains, for the inside story of combustion was not known.” All this shows is how far some people can twist scripture to comport their faith with science.

But today’s attempt to reconcile Islam and science is even more ludicrous. Reader Dermot sent me a clip from MEMRI showing not only that the hadith and Qur’an are scientifically inaccurate (proving that Allah didn’t know squat about science), but are positively injurious. Click on the screenshot below to see a short clip on a “Koranic scientist” claiming, well, listen to the short clip yourself or read MEMRI’s transcript below:

Screen Shot 2015-02-16 at 8.24.43 AM

Following are excerpts from a program featuring Dr. Ahmad Al-Muzain, a Palestinian expert on Koranic science, which aired on Al-Aqsa TV on September 19, 2008: [JAC: my emphasis]

Ahmad Al-Muzain: The Prophet Muhammad said: “If a fly falls into your drink, you should dip it in the drink, and then dispose of the fly, because one of its wings bears a disease, and the other wing bears the cure.” This hadith was included in the Al-Bukhari collection. This hadith makes it absolutely clear that the Prophet Muhammad confirmed a clear scientific fact: If a fly falls into a vessel – before a person drinks from this vessel, he should dip the fly in his drink, before disposing of it. Then he should drink the beverage, because it won’t do him any harm. Why? Because one of the fly’s wings bears the disease, and the other one bears the cure.

. . . In Germany, the Church paid a very large sum of money to two scientists to disprove this hadith. Since this hadith appears in the Al-Bukhari collection, we cannot claim that it is unreliable or anything, and so they thought that if they could prove that this hadith contradicts science, they would be dealing a devastating blow to Islam.

. . . The scientists took samples from the wings of flies, and began to examine them, analyze them, and take samples from their surface, in order to expose what existed on each wing. The devastating result constituted a slap in the face. The truth was devastating, and it backfired on them. The two scientists reached an astounding conclusion. They said that on one of its wings, the fly carries a huge amount of different types of bacteria, which adhere to it when it lands on rotting pieces of food that it eats. As for the other wing, Allah has given the fly the great ability to carry antidotes to these microbes.

. . . When Bayer, one of the world’s largest pharmaceutical companies, learned about this study, it derived great benefit from it. It established biological breeding farms, where they would raise flies and extract antibiotics from their wings – the strongest antibiotics in the whole world. This antibiotic was made into a course of five pills, which is given to the patients, and it is used – believe it or not, my brothers – to treat AIDS patients. It strengthens their immune system, and destroys all types of microbes with which they are afflicted. This is all thanks to the power of this antibiotic. Obviously, this antibiotic is very expensive, and one course costs more than $500, but it is very strong and effective. How did they discover it? From this hadith.

. . . Did the Prophet Muhammad have labs to carry out research? Did Abu Bakr know anything about entomology, parasitology, or bacteriology? Of course not. Absolutely not. So how did they make all these scientific accomplishments? The only logical conclusion is that this science was revealed to the Prophet Muhammad by the Creator.

Oy vey! First of all, I strongly doubt the assertion about Bayer, and in fact I’ll give anybody an autographed hardback copy of WEIT (now out of print) who can substantiate the claim about Bayer, the antibiotics from fly wings used treat AIDS, and the $500 pills. I guess Allah didn’t know that AIDS is caused by a virus (yes it is, Deepak!) rather than a bacterium. Allah should have put antivirals on that fly wing (is it the right or the left wing, or is there fluctuating asymmetry)?

And of course dipping a fly in your drink is a good way to get sick. Allah should have known better! What he should have said, which many have noted before, is to give us a little information about washing our hands after defecating and before eating. Was that beyond Allah or the Christian and Jewish God? Instead, Allah tells us how to infect ourselves.

 

Noms in Hattiesburg

February 16, 2015 • 7:59 am

TRIGGER WARNING: Lots of meat. The posting rules are simple; if you try to denigrate the food I ate, or tell me that my diet in Hattiesburg was unhealthy, I will delete your comment. I have stated a gazillion times that I eat like this only on seminar trips, and that my usual diet at home is healthy. Leisure fascists and food police aren’t welcome here.

*****

I took advantage of my Darwin Day talk at Southern Mississippi University to sample the local comestibles. All too often on seminar trips, the hosts take you to generic “continental” restaurants where you eat generic and bland cuisine. But my hosts at SMU kindly acceded to my request to sample the indigenous cuisine: Southern and seafood.

As soon as we pulled in town, and before I checked into my hotel, we went to Leatha’s BBQ, rated by TripAdvisor as the #1 restaurant in Hattiesburg. It was a classic BBQ joint, simple and humble, with the all-important smoker out back. This is an improvement from the shack that, I’m told, Leatha’s used to have before the owner moved it into town. (Leatha died not long ago and her daughter runs the operation.) And this is what you want a BBQ joint to look like:

P1070839

And this is what you want your plate to look like. I had three meats: pulled pork, pork ribs, and beef ribs, with a side of their “famous slaw” and potato salad, along with the Wine of the South: sweetened ice tea. Extra BBQ sauce is in the cup at the top, and the rolls are an afterthought (cornbread or hushpuppies are far superior). I found it good but not great BBQ, with the ribs being a bit mushy. It was still an excellent meal, but not comparable to the place we visited for lunch the next day.

Dinner

After dinner I asked if I could see the smoker, where all the meat is smoked before cooking. Here it is: a 30-year-old smoker that resembles a Russian space capsule. The meat is smoked for about six hours with pecan-wood smoke, and then finished inside in an oven. The guy who starts the fire and smokes the meat comes in at about 3 a.m.

P1070840

The pecan wood is burned in this attachment to the smoker capsule, with the smoke then fed through the tube to the right and up over the meat:

P1070846

The critical smoker chamber. It’s clearly not been cleaned in 30 years, and you don’t want it to be!

P1070843

The pecan logs. If there’s no smokehouse, and they’re not using real wood, don’t go to that place for BBQ. Much of American “BBQ” is severely debased, infused with “artificial smoke” and cooked to a jelly-like mushiness.

P1070844

For lunch the next day we went to a truly superb place: Strick’s. It’s larger and fancier, but the food was excellent, especially the pulled and chopped pork. It was hard to choose, for it was crawfish season and I could have had a huge plate of boiled crawfish (not shown here) instead of BBQ. But I opted for the BBQ buffet—only about $12 for all the artery-clogging food you could eat.

The highlight was an entire BBQ pig, and you could simply ask the guy to slice off your preferred cut, which he’d then chop into pieces. That’s is the way you want it, with the tender inside bits mixed with the crispy bits. You can also add sauce, but really good BBQ needs no sauce: the smoke and the meat suffice. This place was not stingy, so you could go back for seconds and thirds of pig. Other meat was also on tap: fried chicken and pork ribs.

P1070849

Buffet, part I: turnip greens, creamed corn, unidentified dish, cole slaw, fried chicken, and unidentified dishes.

buffet

Buffet, part II: green beans, baked beans, unidentified dishes, fries, jalapeño cornbread muffins (excellent!), hush puppies, and onion rings:

Buffet 3

Buffet, part III: Salad. Useless filler; only for weenies or those on a diet (but why go to Stick’s if you’re on a diet?):

Salad

A properly composed BBQ plate: chopped pork, a pork rib, a jalapeno cornbread muffin, a slice of cornbread, a hush puppy, turnip greens, creamed corn, and a big glass of sweet tea.  I had seconds and then dessert.

P1070854

Half of the desserts: banana pudding (a classic southern dish) and chocolate pudding. I had the banana pudding and then came back for the hot, freshly made peach and blackberry cobblers (sadly, not photographed):

Pudding

For dinner after my talk, six of us repaired to Marlin’s Grill where I had another classic southern item: shrimp and grits (a sublime and impossibly rich meal, one that everyone should make or try at least once). When properly prepared, it’s a world-class dish (photographed with my iPhone). Grits, cheese, cream, tomato, spices, and many plump shrimp.

Shrimp and grits

Finally, I expressed a wish for oysters, which are abundant and good in the Gulf (Hattiesburg is only an hour away from the shore). On the way to the airport, the chairman took me to the Half Shell Oyster House so I could indulge. (We have good oysters in Chicago, but they’re hideously expensive.)

I started with a half dozen raw oysters, though they offered them prepared in several ways, including grilled. I favor the naked bivalve. Ketchup, Tabasco sauce, lemon, and horseradish come on the side.

P1070856

And the main course: a fried oyster po-boy (“submarine sandwich”), perhaps my favorite sandwich in the world. I favor these in New Orleans (Casamento’s makes a great one), but the Half Shell’s po-boy was also great. Note that this is indeed a sandwich; there is a long roll underneath all those oysters. Cheese grits are on the side, and, of course, iced tea.

P1070857

Sure good eating! Y’all come back, hear?

 

Monday: Hili dialogue

February 16, 2015 • 5:25 am

Oh hai! It is Monday, and Chicago had yet more snow yesterday. But, thank Ceiling Cat, it was light—nothing like in New England, where Boston had yet another blizzard yesterday, and so it’s had more snow in the past three weeks than in any entire winter in recorded history. It’s also President’s Day in the U.S.: a holiday in many places but not at the University of Chicago, where academics is srs bzns.

Meanwhile in Dobrzyn, Hili is cracking the whip on her staff.  I am a bit worried, I must say, as she looks rather “fluffy” these days.

Hili: We have to increase productivity.
A: We are doing the best we can.
Hili: This is not a good enough reason to be self-satisfied.
(Photo: Sarah Lawson)
100_2783 (1)
In Polish:
Hili: Musimy podnieść wydajność pracy.
Ja: Robimy co w naszej mocy.
Hili: To nie jest jeszcze powód do samozadowolenia.

(Zdjęcie: Sarah Lawson)

Darwin Day at the Dinosaur Discovery Museum: report

February 15, 2015 • 4:11 pm

by Greg Mayer

Jerry has just returned from his Darwin Day activities in Mississippi, and I’m sure we’ll be receiving a report on how things went (including in the culinary department). In the meantime, here’s a report on how things went at the Dinosaur Discovery Museum’s Darwin Day event last weekend.

The museum has one main exhibit hall, having a very large number of dinosaurs (especially theropods); most are high quality reproductions. In the lobby, I set up a temporary exhibit table on the theme of “Highly Evolved Tetrapods”, meaning ones that have lost or rearranged major parts of their skeletons. My table, manned by my son Christian and myself, featured live animals.

The tetrapod table.
The highly evolved tetrapod table.

The hit of the exhibit was Vivian, an adult ball python (Python regius). Many people, as urged to by our signage, asked to see Vivian’s hind legs.

Vivian-- the star of the show.
Vivian– the star of the show.

Most people (even biologists) don’t know that some extant snakes have vestigial hind limbs, and my son and I have always liked to show them off. Once, when he was in grade school, he told a naturalist at a creationist nature camp (admittedly an odd combination) about the legs on a python they had on exhibit. She demurred, but my son, in good faith (he didn’t know they were creationists) persisted, and offered to show the legs to her. She allowed as she had seen the structures, but that they weren’t legs. He again persisted, stating (correctly) that the leg bones and pelvis were still there, and that they were legs. She could only sputter that they were not legs “in my world view”!

Curator of Education Nick Wiersum with a friend.
Nick Wiersum, Curator of Education, ain’t afraid of no toad.

The giant toad (Bufo marinus; called cane toads in Australia, but native from Texas to Argentina) was also quite popular. You can see the large ellipsoid poison glands behind the eye, and the swelling of the body to make swallowing difficult, another defensive attribute. We also had an American toad (Bufo americanus; common throughout most of the eastern United States and Canada) for comparison. Both are good-sized adults.

American Toad vs. Giant Toad
American Toad vs. Giant Toad

We also had Slidey, a red-eared slider (Trachemys scripta elegans); we’ve noted before here on WEIT how highly evolved turtles are.

Slidey the Red-eared Slider
Slidey the Red-eared Slider

My paleontological colleagues Summer Ostrowski and Chris Noto set up a temporary exhibit featuring small, touchable fossils and a very fine selection of plastic animals.

IMGP8948 - Version 2

The plastic animals (all high quality collector-grade pieces) were arranged in correct phylogenetic arrangement. Although you can barely see him under the mammoth’s chin, humanity is represented by a 3D print of Charles Darwin as depicted in the sitting statue of him at the Natural History Museum in London.

The pyhlogeny of plastic animals.
The phylogeny of plastic animals.

Chris and I also gave lectures in the museum’s downstairs class room, on “How Evolution Works” (me) and “What the Fossil Record Tells Us about Evolution”. Nick Wiersum, Curator of Education, led special activities in the main exhibit hall.

DSCN7967
“I once caught a fish, this big.”

I think the event was quite successful, with events suitable for kids, students, and adults. There was a good crowd, from kids through adults, with steady numbers the whole day, and lots of good questions. The attendees included WEIT readers, some who came from Milwaukee and Evanston– thanks so much for the support, and it was good to meet you!

IMGP8986 - Version 2

Thx for pix: Chris Noto, Jim Shea

The further adventures of Harry

February 15, 2015 • 3:45 pm

by Matthew Cobb

Regular readers will know that I have become the staff of a small kitten called Harry, who is bitey and scratchy and generally excitable, except when he’s not all floppy and purry and asleep. On Saturday, Harry decided to help me with marking (aka grading) second year university exams. These were short answers about Xiphosurida (aka horseshoe crabs—in keeping with the law of nomenclature, these aren’t crabs and don’t look like a horseshoe, plus they aren’t ‘living fossils’)—and about the advantages of being bilaterally symmetrical. Here he is, as I told Tw*tter (he loves my marking pens):

However, life isn’t all a bed of roses. Harry is a very pesky kitten who loves chasing the two grown-up cats who we serve, Ollie and Pepper (Ollie is the one who scratched Jerry’s nose a few years back). Today Ollie decided he was having no more of it, and when Harry came for him again, there was a stand-off. This was the first real fight they’ve had (though there’s been plenty of growling and hissing from Ollie and especially Pepper, who really does not like the kittenish behaviour of the kitten).

No one got hurt, and it looks worse than it was, but a bit of fur (mainly Harry’s) flew… I decided to leave them to and to take photos, just like, when my children were little I’d occasionally take vids and photos of them crying or having a tantrum, so I’d remember that life isn’t always happy… These two cats were both pretty cross!

IMG_0130

IMG_0127

IMG_0128

 

IMG_0133