Readers’ wildlife photographs

April 9, 2015 • 7:45 am

Reader Joe Dickinson sent some heron, and one herring-loving heron:

I had a nice look yesterday at a great blue heron (Ardea herodias) at Neary Lagoon, a wetland/wildlife preserve in the middle of Santa Cruz, CA.  Back in January, I had a closer look in better (softer) light at the Santa Cruz Small Craft Harbor.

These reminded me of a recent posting on the European grey heron by your reader, Pyers, from the UK .  I had always assumed it was the same species (just a different common name), but I find that the European species is Ardea cinerea.  For comparison, I’ve included a couple of my best shots of that species from 2008, one from Kinderdijk and another I call “the herring heron of Hoorn” (because he hung out by a shop in Hoorn that sold herring and begged/pilfered samples).  Both, of course, are in the Netherlands.  Finally, I learned that there is a distinct subspecies (A. hernias cognata ) in the Galapagos Islands, for which I have a photo from 2006.

As the photos were unlabeled, readers will have to sort them out, but I suspect that the herring heron of Hoorn is the next to last photo and the Galapagos subspecies is the last one.

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Thursday: Hili dialogue

April 9, 2015 • 5:03 am

I’m flying back to Chicago this morning, so posting will be light. Perhaps some co-writers will weigh in. In the meantime, you can busy yourself with all the outrage and sniping that’s preoccupying the atheist blogosphere. Meanwhile in Dobrzyn, things are blessedly peaceful. But what does Hili see? Is it a bird? Is it a plane? Is it Superman?

Hili: Why are they flying when they could walk?
A: Why are you asking?

P1020493 In Polish:

Hili: Dlaczego one latają, kiedy mogłyby chodzić?
Ja: Dlaczego pytasz?

 

Connecticut professor hounded after pro-Israel Facebook post, forced to take “medical” leave while his university frantically engages in soothing hurt feelings

April 8, 2015 • 2:11 pm

In August of 2014, Andrew Pessin, a professor of philosophy at Connecticut College, posted the following pro-Israel and anti-Hamas message on his Facebook page:

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To me, this post reads more or less like a passionate editorial in a newspaper: a political statement rather than an episode of bigotry or hate speech. Unless, that is, Pessin was characterizing Palestinians themselves as dogs.

But that seems unlikely. Who, exactly, was Pessin referring to with the term “pit bull”? According to Slate, which reported on this episode and its sad aftermath, Pessin had been talking about Hamas (the Slate piece was reprinted from Inside Higher Ed):

Nowhere in the post does Pessin say “Palestinians,” but he also doesn’t say “Hamas.” In an interview with Inside Higher Ed, Pessin said he acknowledges that the post was ambiguous. He posted it after a series of 10 other comments written between July 23 and Aug. 11 about Hamas and the group’s tactics and goals.

Reading those preceding posts would have made it clearer that he was using the metaphor of a pit bull to describe Hamas, he said. “Let me say unequivocally: I am not a racist,” he said. “I am a passionate promoter of equal rights for all peoples. I’m a supporter of a two-state solution.”

But the damage was done, for students found the 7-month-old post and deemed it racist “hate speech.” One student emailed Pessin and said she considered his statement racist and bigoted. He apologized and deleted the post.

That wasn’t enough. The student, Lamiya Khandakar, then wrote a letter to the college newspaper, “Why hate speech is not free speech in an ‘inclusive excellence’ community.” Other letters followed, and Pessin became a symbol of “racism”. He apologized again:

He wrote a brief letter to the editor in which—based on advice from the administration—he apologized for any hurt he caused. He wanted to defend himself, but he recognized that could put the blame on students who misinterpreted his words, he said.

But it was far too late: letters and petitions circulated asking the administration to condemn Pessin’s actions, even though they were on his Facebook page and were an exercise in free speech. Even Kandaker said that her personal interactions with Pessin, with he a Jew and she a Muslim, were not uncomfortable:

In her letter, Khandaker says that she took a class with Pessin and, as a Muslim, she never felt uncomfortable in class. But just because Pessin’s views don’t interfere in his teaching doesn’t mean they’re not a problem, she argues. In fact, because he is smart, influential, and well-liked in classes, students are more likely to listen to his posts on socio-political issues, she wrote. Khandaker is chair of diversity and equity for the student government, in which she’s responsible for bringing the concerns of underrepresented students to the administration.

Nevertheless, the vitriol, hatred, and accusations of racism mounted until Pessin was forced to cave in, and left the campus (presumably temporarily):

There also were several anti-Semitic comments made on campus and via Yik Yak after the letters were first published, Pessin said. He decided this week to take a medical leave of absence for the remainder of the semester, partially due to the stress the accusations against him have caused.

He’s toast now, and it’s not clear whether his “medical leave of absence” was suggested by the university. Now, because his Facebook post injured the feelings of some students, his life on campus will never be the same. And the university, to soothe the feelings of the students offended by equating Hamas with a semi-caged pit bull, has mounted the obligatory forum on diversity and inclusion. (They also mention “free speech”, but you can bet your tuchus that the emphasis will be on avoiding hurting other people’s feelings):

Later today, students, faculty, and staff will gather for a forum hosted by the administration on free speech, equity, and inclusion. In two campus emails announcing the forum, President Katherine Bergeron said the comments stemming from Pessin’s Facebook post have posed larger questions about the nature of free speech and the values of a diverse community. Connecticut College is a community that is aiming for “inclusive excellence,” she said.

“The conversations of the past few days—including some anonymous comments on Yik Yak—are evidence of how much work we have to do to reach our aspirations,” she said.

Fox News reports a bit more on what President Bergeron said:

“By now, there have been many opinions expressed about the original Facebook post, as well as about subsequent comments on Yik Yak and elsewhere,” Bergeron wrote in as open letter to the student body. “But one thing has become extremely clear: the level of harm that incendiary language can have on a community. The post caused an outpouring of anger and pain among many different groups of students, faculty, and staff.”

Pain? Incendiary language? Anger? What have we come to when a post like the one above can cause students not to counter with a critique of the politics, but with wails and cries about their hurt feelings? This is identity politics, with the emphasis on “identity” rather than “politics”. If one disagrees with Pesson’s analysis, then write about how his take on Hamas and Palestine is wrong, not that he shouldn’t say those things because they hurt other people’s feelings.

It can’t be said too often: nobody has the right not to be offended. Rather than giving the equivalent of blankets and puppy videos to its wounded students, Connecticut College should be emphasizing the importance of free speech and lessons about what one can do if one doesn’t like what is said.

And I wonder whether, if a professor had attacked the Israeli Defense Forces on Facebook with the same force as Pessin did when going after Hamas, this whole conflagration would have occurred. I doubt it, for on campus these days it’s pretty much acceptable to demonize Israel—but not Palestine or Hamas.

But regardless of who’s in the ascendancy, this whole affair stinks, for we’re seeing yet another example of free speech being characterized as “hate speech”—this time to the extent that a professor was forced to take a leave rather than face the rancor of hypersensitive students. It’s time for students to grow up. The Connecticut College administration is in fact infantilizing them instead of promoting their adulthood, for it’s teaching them that by playing the “hurt card,” you can silence your enemies.

Tennessee legislature tries to make the Bible the Official State Book

April 8, 2015 • 11:00 am
There is no end to the LOLs provided by Southern legislatures who try, in obvious defiance of the Constitution’s First Amendment, to institutionalize Christianity as a state-approved faith. This time it’s Tennessee, in which a fast-tracked bill seems on its way to passage.  According to The Tennesseean:

Senate and House committees overwhelmingly approved measures Tuesday that would designate the Bible as the official book of Tennessee, despite reservations raised by religious leaders and some lawmakers.

The Senate State and Local Government Committee approved the measure by a 7-0-2 vote; no lawmakers voted against the bill, but two abstained. The House State Government Committee approved the bill by a voice vote about an hour later.

The House version includes added language in the form of an amendment. The amendment adds “talking points” in support of the bill, said House sponsor, Rep. Jerry Sexton, R-Bean Station.

This was the short House bill in February, but I couldn’t find a more recent version. Note that they fail to designate which translation of the Bible will be the Official one:

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Naturally, the bill’s sponsor and its proponents (surprise–they’re mostly Republicans!) argue that this has nothing to do with establishing a state religion, even though the sponsors are both ministers. It’s all about history! As the  [Chattanooga] Time Free-Press reports:

The bill is sponsored by Rep. Jerry Sexton, R-Bean Station, a freshman lawmaker who had been an ordained minister for 25 years before going into business. Sen. Steve Southerland, R-Morristown, who became an ordained minister in 1981, is the Senate sponsor.

Both said when presenting the bill earlier today that their focus is not on religion but on the historic role the Bible has played in Tennessee history in terms of inspiration and  the economy. Nashville is home to several religious publishers that have printed millions of Bibles.

More dissimulation, reported in USA Today:

“It doesn’t in any way, shape, form or fashion say that anyone has to read this book. It doesn’t mean anyone has to believe in the tenets of this book,” said GOP Rep. William Lamberth of Cottontown.

If that’s the case, why are they promoting it as the Official Book?

Among the bill’s few opponents are Ron Ramsey, the Speaker of the Tennessee Senate, but even his opposition is disingenuous, resting not on the unconstitutionality of such a move, but on the fact that it demeans the Bible:

Ramsey told reporters shortly after the measure passed in the Senate State and Local Government Committee — with seven members voting aye and two abstaining — that he believes doing doing so “belittles the most holy book ever written.”

“It shouldn’t be,” Ramsey said. “I’m just adamantly opposed to that. The Bible is my official book. It is. It shouldn’t be put in the Blue Book with Rocky Top, cave salamanders and the tulip poplar” tree.

The Blue Book is the official state Book. By various past actions of state lawmakers have designated Rocky Top, a bluegrass murder ballad about moonshining, one of the state’s officials songs and the Tennessee Cave Salamander, the state’s official amphibian. The tulip popular is the state tree.

About a year ago I reported that Louisiana was trying to do the same thing, but the bill was withdrawn shortly thereafter. And this year Mississippi legislators have introduced no fewer than four bills to make the Bible the State Book, but all have died in committee.

It will be interesting to see whether Tennessee’s governor will sign this bill (further action awaits an opinion from the state attorney general on the bill’s legality), and, if so, whether there will be a constitutional challenge against it. Presumably that action would have to be brought by some people with “standing”: Tennessee secularist or religious people who oppose the infusion of religion into politics. As far as I know, no other state has designated the Bible as the official state book.

Is there any state in the U.S. with an official book? Browsing the US State Symbol page, I found that indeed there is, and it’s the state I’m sitting in right now. Massachusetts has an official State Children’s Book, and a fine book it is:

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This fine secular book (1941), about a brood of ducklings raised in the pond on the Boston Common, was a favorite of my childhood. It’s an excellent choice, and its fame is commemorated by a bronze statue on the Common of Mrs. Mallard and her eight ducklings: Jack, Kack, Lack, Mack, Nack, Ouack, Pack and Quack. It’s appropriate because it promotes kindness to animals.

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(From Wikipedia): A bronze statue of the ducklings by Nancy Schön is a popular attraction in Boston Public Garden. It is said the Ducks never need professional polishing because children sit on them so often. A replica installed in Moscow was a gift from United States First Lady Barbara Bush to Soviet First Lady Raisa Gorbachev.

As for Official Adult Books, those would be contentious, though I suppose few would object to the collected works of Shakespeare.

h/t: Eliot

Unknown flies

April 8, 2015 • 10:00 am

by Matthew Cobb

Outside my office I have a stupendous poster of the fly tree of life, showing the evolutionary relationships of the world’s flies, along with some lovely photographs. (You can download the poster from here.) This tree was produced to accompany a scientific article from 2011 describing the evolution of flies, which Jerry covered here.

When I have an idle moment, I like to inspect the tree for odd flies that I don’t know about and then find out about them. Which is how I came to be mooching around the web looking for the Ctenostylidae, which turn out to be a particularly weird group of 14 species about which very little is known. Here’s one (a male Sinolochmostylia sinica from China, taken from here):

Why are they weird? Well they have

  • No ocelli (most insects have three small eyes (‘ocelli’ in Italian) on the top of their heads, used for detecting movement and in flight)
  • No proboscis (this means they presumably don’t eat as adults)
  • Branched aristae (part of the antenna) in females (most flies have feather-like aristae)
  • They are viviparous (technically larviparous, as they lay larvae, like tsetse flies – NB that link might be NSFL)

They are probably parasitoids and may be nocturnal/crepuscular, but nothing is known of their ecology, or even their true distribution – they are found mainly in tropical regions, but also in Nepal, Korea and China. Their current taxonomic position, based on molecular analysis, is within the Tephritoidea – so they are related to the true fruit flies (Tephritidae) and the delightfully named flutter flies or Pallopteridae. You can learn about as much as we know about the Ctenostylidae by reading these two articles.

The fact that we have no idea about how these flies live should be no surprise. Most people in the world now live in cities, and we don’t know about the flies that live there, either. In 2012 the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County launched a research initiative called NHM Biodiversity Science: City and Nature (NHM BioSCAN), with the aim of surveying the biodiversity of one of the world’s great cities.

In a sampling period lasting a mere three months, they discovered 30 new species of fly – not simply species that weren’t known in LA, California, or even the USA. These were species that had never been identified before, and there they were, buzzing about in an urban environment. Furthermore, those flies were from just one genus (a group of species, this one is Megaselia) called phorid flies. This suggests that other genera may hold similar richness.

Here’s a picture of the flies they found:

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There’s a great post by Emily Hartop describing how she made the discovery, and the work she did with her boss, Brian Brown, and with the great English dipterist, Henry Disney.

There’s a nice couple of brief videos about BioSCAN. The first describes the project, the second shows how ordinary citizens are getting involved:

Look carefully around you, and you will be amazed by the diversity of life that can be seen, even if you live in a city. Next on my list from that Fly Tree of Life poster? Maybe the Neurochaetidae, also called upside-down flies. As of now, I know nothing about them, but they sound intriguing, and knowledge is only a few clicks away…

 

Jesus ‘n’ Mo ‘n’ ISIS

April 8, 2015 • 8:30 am

In this week’s strip, the Divine Duo discuss the Islamic State. The artist also provides a link to an article on ISIS with the note:

Thanks to Mehdi Hasan for this week’s strip.

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If you read Hasan’s long article in The New Statesman, “How Islamic is the Islamic State?“, you’ll see an apologist tying himself into knots trying to claim that the actions of ISIS have little to do with Islam. It’s a tedious exercise in cherry picking and confirmation bias, and ends this way:

To claim that Isis is Islamic is egregiously inaccurate and empirically unsustainable, not to mention insulting to the 1.6 billion non-violent adherents of Islam across the planet. Above all else, it is dangerous and self-defeating, as it provides Baghdadi and his minions with the propaganda prize and recruiting tool that they most crave.

Hasan is Britain’s Reza Aslan.

A more cogent (and shorter) article is Tom Holland’s rebuttal of Hasan’s piece, also in The New Statesman, called “We must not deny the religious roots of the Islamic state.” An excerpt:

It is not merely coincidence that IS currently boasts a caliph, imposes quranically mandated taxes, topples idols, chops the hands off thieves, stones adulterers, exec­utes homosexuals and carries a flag that bears the Muslim declaration of faith. If Islamic State is indeed to be categorised as a phenomenon distinct from Islam, it urgently needs a manifest and impermeable firewall raised between them. At the moment, though, I fail to see it.

 

Readers’ wildlife photos

April 8, 2015 • 6:30 am

Reader Phil sent hornbills:

Since you’ve just paid a (virtual) visit to Singapore, I thought you might be interested in some of the wildlife. Here is the Oriental pied hornbill (Anthracoceros albirostris). I took these at Changi Village.

And the following information is from a site called wildsingapore.com:

Oriental pied-hornbills nest in a suitable hole in a tall tree. The breeding pair seals the female inside the hole with a plaster of mud and fibres. The male gathers and delivers earth to the female, which seals herself inside the hole. A narrow slit is left open so he can feed her and the chicks. He brings them mostly fruits, insects, crabs and lizards, and sometimes, smaller birds. This remarkable behaviour is believed to deter large predators.

I don’t think this is a sexual dimorphism, so readers who know what that big beak-excrescence is for please weigh in below:

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James Billie shows us a sign of spring (this is also to be seen in the pond outside my building Chicago, where our turtles who have overwintered under the ice have now started hauling themselves up on flotsam to get some sun).

First turtle of spring:

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Sixteen turtles:

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Stephen Barnard made a funny:

These are my daughter’s kids. I guess that makes me a grandfather.

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