Hili: The world is going in the right direction.
A: In the computer it doesn’t look so good.
Hili: Świat idzie w dobrym kierunku.
Ja: W komputerze to nie wygląda tak ciekawie.
Why Evolution is True is a blog written by Jerry Coyne, centered on evolution and biology but also dealing with diverse topics like politics, culture, and cats.
Here’s a short video of “Lisa One,” born just last month and the the first kakapo chick to hatch in three years. As you may know, the kakapo (Strigops habroptilus) is the world’s only flightless parrot, a stocky, awkward, but lovable bird native to New Zealand. It has a lek breeding system in which males apparently make very loud “booming” calls from depressions in the ground.
You will either find this chick adorable or repugnant (I’m in the former class):
The kakapo’s ground-dwelling habits were nearly its death: the species came this close to extinction from introduced predators like cats and rats, and finally the government decided to save it by moving all the kakapos it could to three isolated islands. (It’s my dream to work on one of these for a month, feeding the birds and helping the species recover.) There are only 125 of these birds left, but they are coming back. Here’s a graph of the population size from Wikipedia (notice how infrequent the births are [red arrows]). Don’t ask me why the increase right before 2010 is larger than the number of births:
Here’s an adult male kakapo; I consider this clip, showing Stephen Fry and zoologist Mark Carwardine in the “Last chance to see” series, the funniest animal video ever filmed. I know I’ve shown it before, but you can’t see this too often.
Fun kakapo facts:
h/t: Su
The movie “Noah” is coming out soon, and I have no idea whose crazy idea it was to do this movie (the director is Daren Aronofsky, director of the overrated and execrable “Black Swan,”), nor how they got all that talent to star in it (e.g., Russell Crowe, Jennifer Connelly, Anthony Hopkins, Nick Nolte, and Emma Watson). And it’s ironic that Jennifer Connelly, who apparently plays Noah’s wife Naameh, also played Darwin’s wife Emma in the movie “Creation.”
Here’s the official trailer:
Judging by the part of the clip beginning at 1:15, there are more than just a few “kinds” loading onto the Ark. Look at all those snakes—surely more than one snake “kind”! I wonder if they consulted a baraminology expert for this? According to Wikipedia, though, no real animals were herded in the making of this film:
Regarding the film’s extensive use of visual effects, Aronofsky said he and his crew “had to create an entire animal kingdom”, using no real animals in the production but instead “slightly tweaked” versions of real creatures. Industrial Light and Magic said their work on the film represented “the most complicated rendering in the company’s history”
You’d think that good Christians would be chuffed that a major film (put out by Parmount) was being made about the Noah, portraying this ludicrous story as something real. But no. According to The Raw Story, the National Religious Broadcasters (NRB) made Parmount add this disclaimer to the film (this is only part of it):
“[t]he film is inspired by the story of Noah. While artistic license has been taken, we believe that this film is true to the essence, values, and integrity of a story that is a cornerstone of faith for millions of people worldwide. The biblical story of Noah can be found in the book of Genesis.”
Well, it’s bad enough that the film is supposed to cater to those who believe in a a bogus story that somehow serves as a “cornerstone of their faith” (and if its value is solely as a metaphor, what, exactly, is the story supposed to mean?). What’s worse is the reason the NRB pressed for the disclaimer:
NRB board member Phil Cooke told The Wrapthat the disclaimer was necessary because the film is “historically inaccurate.” It is, Cooke said, “more of an inspired movie than an exact retelling.”
WHAT? Historically inaccurate? What would historically accurate mean? How many animals would there be, and how would they be taken care of? How would the “penguin kind” make its way to Antarctica, or the giant tortoises to Aldabra? Nobody can answer these questions, and so the question of “historical accuracy” is moot.
But other Christians have objected as well. Their beefs, given below as quotes from the Raw Story piece, are hilarious:
And Noah is too much of a hippie, too! There’s too much environmentalism!
I guess Biblical literalists have the final say in how the Bible is portrayed. No metaphors allowed! I wonder how “The Ten Commandments” would have fared under the watchful eye of Ken Ham.
Finally, and curiously, the screenwriters are chastised for not accepting God as the tyrannical, genocidal brute that he is in the Old Testament (again from Brian Godawa):
That makes absolutely no sense. Man has value because God kills off all of humanity because they were evil. Were all of them evil, even the babes in arms? And why couldn’t God just prevent those people from becoming evil? Apparently, as it says in Genesis 5, God had made a big mistake—showing that he’s not omniscient, and certainly not benevolent:
Then the Lord saw that the wickedness of man was great in the earth, and that every intent of the thoughts of his heart was only evil continually. And the Lord was sorry that He had made man on the earth, and He was grieved in His heart. So the Lord said, “I will destroy man whom I have created from the face of the earth, both man and beast, creeping thing and birds of the air, for I am sorry that I have made them.”
The directors and producers can’t catch a break, for Muslims are objecting, too. As The Hollywood Reporter notes, their objections are apparently not on supposed historical inaccuracy, but on the fact that Noah is simply depicted in a movie as a living person:
On Thursday, censorship boards in Qatar, Bahrain and the United Arab Emirates informed Paramount they will not allow the release of the film. Similar rulings are expected in Egypt, Jordan and Kuwait, according to Paramount insiders.
In Egypt, the leading Sunni Muslim institute Al-Azhar issued a statement on Thursday condemning the Paramount movie, saying it should be banned in that country.
“Al-Azhar renews its rejection to the screening of any production that characterizes Allah’s prophets and messengers and the companions of the Prophet [Muhammad],” the statement read. “Therefore, Al-Azhar announces the prohibition of the upcoming film about the Allah’s messenger Noah — peace be upon him.”
Al-Azhar said any such film is “contrary to faith and to the fundamentals of the Islamic Sharia [law],” adding that such movies antagonize the “feelings of the faithful.”
God forbid that Muslim feelings be offended once again.
I wonder when the Jews will weigh in.
. . . to celebrate the oft-oppressed and oft-ignored sex that nevertheless holds up half the sky.
In its honor, Google has a special doodle, and when you click on the arrow, you get a video and a language lesson.
This is a screenshot only, so click here to see the Doodle.
If you’re at the Guardian and know things British, you can take a quiz on “how much you know about feminism and sexism in the media, politics, and culture.”
The woman I’ll celebrate today is, of course, a scientist: Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin (1910-1994), who won the Nobel Prize in 1964.
She became interested in crystallography at the age of 10 (!), and, after attending Oxford, went to Cambridge to study under J. P. Bernal, a polymath known as “Sage.” Her tireless efforts (which involved designing apparatus and the extremely complex method of calculating molecular structure) helped launch the field of X-ray chrystallography. She won the Nobel for those efforts, which led to her determining the molecular structure of penicillin, vitamin B12, and (after her prize), of insulin. Here, from Wikipedia (which has a nice biography; do read the Guardian’s, too) is one of her models of penicillin:
The tale I always tell about her—which is a true one—shows the way women were regarded in science in those days. It’s best recounted by the Guardian:
When, in 1964, she was awarded the Nobel Prize, did the press regard her in the same light as they would a man in the same position? Absolutely not. The Daily Telegraph announced “British woman wins Nobel Prize – £18,750 prize to mother of three”. The Daily Mail was even briefer in its headline “Oxford housewife wins Nobel”. The Observer in its write-up commented “affable-looking housewife Mrs Hodgkin” had won the prize “for a thoroughly unhousewifely skill: the structure of crystals of great chemical interest”.
Hodgkin is still the only British woman who has won a Nobel Prize in science. Here she is in 1947, the year that this “Oxford housewife” was elected to the Royal Society:
There’s also this from the Guardian:
Hodgkin was a woman not prepared to let her gender get in the way of her work. When married, but still working under her maiden name of Crowfoot, she presented a key paper at a major meeting at the Royal Society in 1938 when eight months pregnant. Another long-term collaborator, Nobel Prize winner Max Perutz, referred to her appearance at this meeting in his speech at her memorial service: “Dorothy lectured in that state as if it were the most natural thing in the world, without any pretense of trying to be unconventional, which it certainly was at the time.”
It’s a three-cat day, thanks to several readers who proffered links. The first item involves a mysterious 16th-century (c. 1530) German book by Franz Helm, an artillery expert (see articles in the Guardian and TDS). The book contains drawings of cats and birds with rocket-like jetpacks strapped to their back. The unsettling thing is that they’re not for transportation, but are apparently weapons!
Researcher Mitch Fraas gives his interpretation:
According to Fraas’s translation, Helm explained how animals could be used to deliver incendiary devices: “Create a small sack like a fire-arrow. If you would like to get at a town or castle, seek to obtain a cat from that place. And bind the sack to the back of the cat, ignite it, let it glow well and thereafter let the cat go, so it runs to the nearest castle or town, and out of fear it thinks to hide itself where it ends up in barn hay or straw it will be ignited.”
In other words, capture a cat from enemy territory, attach a bomb to its back, light the fuse, then hope it runs back home and starts a raging fire.

Somebody didn’t know how to draw cats. They were all around, for crying out loud!

Another poor moggie:
Apparently, though, this was an idea that was never implemented. It resembles the suggestion of U.S. Army experts during World War II, who had the idea of strapping incendiary devices to bats in Japan. Since bats roost in the eaves of highly flammable wooden Japanese homes, they could wreak havoc on a city.
***
Item 2: this nefarious corporate policy was called to my attention; here’s a screenshot:
I am, of course, protesting by refusing to ever Google anything again.
I suppose a “dog company” means that all the employees slavishly worship their bosses (and sniff their crotches).
***
Finally, EDP24 reports about a whole brood of polydactylous kittens rescued in Suffolk:
The five-month-old kittens, known as polydactyl or “mitten” cats, were discovered abandoned in a back garden before being taken to Felixstowe Blue Cross rehoming centre.
Andy Gillon, manager of the centre in Walton High Street, which takes in around 250 cats and kittens a year, said staff soon noticed that these particular felines had something extra special about them when they were brought in.
He said: “We might get the odd cat with an extra toe, but to get an entire litter of polydactyl cats is really unusual.
“Cats normally have 18 toes but all the kittens in this litter have extra digits – one even has 26 toes!”
Cats normally have five toes on their front feet and four on their rear. I’ve always wanted one with extra toes, because they’re funny-looking but don’t seem to be impeded in their walking or climbing. Wikipedia reports the variety of names given to them:
Nicknames for polydactyl cats include “conch cats“, “boxing cats“, “mitten cats“, “mitten-foot cats“, “snowshoe cats“, “thumb cats“, “six-fingered cats“, “Cardi-cats“, and “Hemingway cats“.
The “Hemingway cat” monicker comes from the fact that Ernest Hemingway had a passel of cats at his Key West home, many of them with extra toes. Their polydactylous descendants still roam the property.
I’ve also heard these mutants called “Super Scratchers.”
And it’s not that unusual to get an entire litter of extra-toed kittens if the litter size is small. Polydactyly in cats (as in most species) is inherited as a single dominant gene, which means if you get one copy of the gene, you have extra toes. (I presume that two copies produces a dead animal, but I haven’t been able to find for sure.)
That means that if one of the parents is polydactylous and the other isn’t, the chance of each of its kittens being polydactylous is ½, so the chance of all five kittens being polydactylous is ½ multiplied by itself 5 times, or 1/32 (0.03). So it will occasionally happen. In the unlikely event that both parents were polydactylous, the chances are higher.
Can you calculate what the chances would be for two such cats to produce a litter of five polydactylous cats among the surviving offspring? (Assume that having two copies of the gene kills you before birth.)
The record number of feline toes, verified by the Guinness Book of World Records, is 27 on a Canadian cat named “Tiger.” Here’s the one image I could find of him, a video:
Kitty Bloger has some nice picture of Super Scratchers, including the following. When I see the last one, I’m thinking about a macromutational leap whereby cats learn to use can openers. When that happens, they take over the world.
h/t: Dom, Diane G, Mark
by Matthew Cobb
The nightjar is only my second favourite bird. My favourite is the swift, Apus apus. They are currently zooming about in Africa, but will soon be making their flight back north, to Europe. They arrive in Manchester around 1 May, stay until about 15 August, and are the sound of summer with their evocative screeching as they hunt in packs.
This fantastic photo by – I think – @PhilipMillns popped up in my Tw*tter feed, re-tw**eted by @SaveOurSwifts:
It’s hard to see what insect the swift is about to nom, but it looks like it has two pairs of wings…
Philip tw**eted “many shots to get sharp not the sharpest but wow”. Indeed, wow.
Here’s another superb photo of a swift in flight, taken by Richard Ford (@digitalwildlife):

It’ll be a couple of months before this sight appears in my skies. Can’t wait.
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Two quick items:
1. The winner of the Cat Confessions Contest (see the six finalists here, and all entries here) will be announced on Monday morning. Remember that the winner gets an autographed book, but there may be an extra surprise. If you own one of those miscreant moggies, be sure to pay attention to Monday’s post.
2. I’ve finally, after general clamor, put together a list of commenting rules for the site, which will go as a permanent “Da Roolz” widget on the left sidebar. That should be up early next week, and I’ll announce it. After that there will be no excuse for bad behavior on this site!
kthxbai