My podcast with Hemant Mehta

June 26, 2016 • 9:00 am

Hemant Mehta, the “Friendly Atheist“, waylaid me during the American Humanist Association meetings (he lives in “Chicagoland”) and asked me to do a podcast with him. I readily agreed, as he’s a nice guy, and the podcast, in which I was co-interviewed by Hemant and Jessica Bluemke, was just posted. You can find it by clicking on the screenshot. As always, I can’t bear to listen to these things, but I do remember I made up a Dr. Seuss-like poem on the spot about Regressive Leftism. I don’t know if it made the final cut.

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Readers’ wildlife photos

June 26, 2016 • 7:30 am

Brigette Zacharczenko is a graduate student in the Department of Ecology and Evolution at the University of Connecticut, Storrs, working on the evolution of moths. Her other interests include biological illustration, keeping a menagerie of pets that few people would want around, powerlifting, making lovely plush animals (I want a tardigrade!), and coordinating events during National Moth Week. Beside the horseshoe crabs that are today’s main subject, I also found a video she sent me in 2014, which I don’t think I’ve posted.

First, the crabs, sent June 22 along with Brigette’s commentary. Note: horseshoe crabs—the ones below are the famous blue-blooded Limulus polyphemus—aren’t really crabs. While both groups are arthropods, horseshoe crabs are in the subphylum Chelicerata along with scorpions and spiders. “Real” crabs, on the other hand, are in the subphylum Crustacea. That means, of course, that the animals you see below are more closely related to spiders than to the crabs we eat.

Hello! I’m a long time reader and I thought you might enjoy these photos I took last night. My friends and I went to Napatree Point in Rhode Island hoping to see some mating horseshoe crabs (they typically mate during the full moon). It wasn’t the piles of chelicerates on the sand like you see in some photos, but we did see hundreds in the water by the shore! I remembered seeing some pictures of them glowing under UV lighting, so I brought a little handheld UV flashlight. As far as I can tell, no one is quite sure why they glow – or perhaps there is no reason at all, and it is a byproduct of how their exoskeletons are constructed? We did notice a lot of individual variation in the extent of their fluorescence, typically the fresher looking ones (recently molted, not covered in barnacles and limpets) would pop bright green.

We also got to follow the volunteers of “Project Limulus” as they were counting individuals, measuring body widths, and recording tags. Overall, it was a magical night.

These are from my phone, so I apologize for their size/dimensions.

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Just to show you how big these mating aggregations can be, here’s a photo of individuals on Long Island Sound, courtesy of WNPR and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service:

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If you want to learn more about horseshoe crabs, here’s a 50-minute documentary from WildOcean:

Finally, I found a video that Brigette made and sent me in 2014:
A student brought a caterpillar (Euchaetes egle) into my office, wondering if the caterpillar was still alive. It certainly was moving, but not for usual reasons.

The resident parasitoid had eaten the caterpillar, became restless, and decided to take a hike, perhaps to pupate. It is a fly maggot in the family Tachinidae. They commonly target caterpillars.

I took the video with my phone, at first only hoping to record the wiggling motions of the caterpillar. I was quite surprised when the parasitoid fully emerged!

That reminded me of the botfly that emerged from my head.

Sadly, these are no longer available:

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Sunday: Hili dialogue

June 26, 2016 • 6:30 am

It’s going to be another scorcher in Chicago today, with high temperatures about 87° F (31° C) with even hotter weather tomorrow. It’s June 26, 2016, and Brisbane, Australia is having a weeklong celebration (photo courtesy of Dr. Michael Turelli, who’s visiting the city):

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On this day in 1907, the Tiflis bank robbery, organized by Lenin, Stalin, and their confederates to fund the Bolsheviks, took place, killing 40 people and netting the Reds several million dollars in today’s currency. In 1963, John F. Kennedy gave his “Ich bin ein Berliner” speech. I’ve been told that saying “ein Berliner” rather than “Berliner” makes it mean “I am a jelly donut,” but that appears to be wrong. On June 26, 1974, the Universal Product Code was used for the first time, scanning a pack of chewing gum at a supermarket in Ohio. And, in 2015, the U. S. Supreme Court ruled that gay couples have a right to marry.

Notables born on this day include Chesty Puller (1898), Babe Didrikson Zaharias (1911), Chris Isaak (1956), and Derek Jeter (1974). Those who died on this day include Malcolm Lowry (1957), Roy Campanella (1993), and the wonderful Nora Ephron (2012). Meanwhile in Dobrzyn, Hili is again looking for avian noms:

Hili: I have to go to confession.
A: Why?
Hili: I’ve sinned against my flying bretheren again.
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In Polish:

Hili: Muszę iƛć do spowiedzi.
Ja: Dlaczego?
Hili: Znowu zgrzeszyƂam wobec fruwających braci.

Meanwhile, at Ten Cats, the search continues for a bellhop for Cat’s Inn:

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And the cat shall lie down with the rodent. . .

George Will leaves the Republican Party (guess why?)

June 25, 2016 • 3:15 pm

I have to hand it to George Will: he seems to be getting more sensible as he gets older. Two years ago he gave up his self-declared status as a “none” (he used to be very sympathetic to faith) and declared himself a flat-out atheist, and then, in December he took a strong pro-science stand:

Higher education is increasingly a house divided. In the sciences and even the humanities, actual scholars maintain the high standards of their noble calling. But in the humanities, especially, and elsewhere, faux scholars representing specious disciplines exploit academia as a jobs program for otherwise unemployable propagandists hostile to freedom of expression.

He’s also not wearing bow ties as often: a good move.  Nobody looks good in a bow tie (are you listening, Science Guy?).

Now, according to CNN, Will is leaving the G.O.P. because he can’t stomach Donald Trump:

Conservative commentator and columnist George Will says he is leaving the Republican Party because of Donald Trump — and he’s advocating that others do the same.

In a speech at a Federalist Society luncheon Friday, he told the audience, “This is not my party,” according to PJ Media, a conservative media blog.

The Pulitzer Prize winner told the audience at the luncheon that House Speaker Paul Ryan’s endorsement of Trump is one of the reasons why he decided to leave the party, and he didn’t say whether he’d vote for either Democratic presumptive nominee Hillary Clinton or a third-party candidate, such as Libertarian Gary Johnson.

Will, who worked on President Ronald Reagan’s 1980 campaign, also said at the luncheon that Trump as president with “no opposition” from a Republican-led Congress would be worse than Clinton as president with a Republican-led Congress. When asked by PJ Media about his message to conservatives, Will responded on Trump, “Make sure he loses. Grit their teeth for four years and win the White House.”

A few of my friends are now all wonky about Trump, saying that the Brexit vote in Europe makes it more likely that The Donald will win the Presidency in November (see Amy Davidson’s alarums in The New Yorker), but I’m not worried.

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“Safe university”: a short dystopian story

June 25, 2016 • 2:30 pm

Quillette is where all the cool kids are publishing, and I recommend a very short piece of fiction there by Henry Rambow, once an evanglical missionary in China but now an atheist. The story, “Safe University,” is a bit over the top imagining what might happen if today’s Special Student Snowflakes and their craven faculty enablers actually came to dominate American universities, but it’s still an entertaining read.

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Photo by Edwin Gano

Books I’m reading now, or about to start

June 25, 2016 • 11:43 am

After a period when my reading fell by the wayside, and before I disciplined myself to stay off the Internet in the evening, I’ve finally gotten back in the swing of reading for several hours each night. (I swear that the Internet, with the short attention span it fosters, will be the death of books.) Here’s what’s on my bedside table (I invariably read in the supine position):

Galileo’s Middle Finger: Heretics, Activists, and the Search for Justice in Science by Alice Dreger.  I finished this on Thursday, and give it 1.5 thumbs up. I heard about the book not only from readers here, but from Elizabeth Loftus, who recommended it highly at the American Humanist Association meetings.

Dreger, a bioethicist who recently resigned from Northwestern University in protest against censorship by her dean, has produced an absorbing account of her struggles against bands of Regressive Leftists and Scientific Authoritarians who held their ideologies higher than the inconvenient truth. The several stories she tells include her fight against sex-reassignment surgery performed on babies or children who can’t consent; her struggle to get a doctor, Maria New, to stop using untested hormone therapy on fetuses whose mothers might have been carriers of genes producing intersex offspring; and her exposure of the abysmal treatment given by his colleagues to Napoleon Chagnon, a noted anthropologist whose work on the Yanomama of Brazil has become iconic. (Chagnon was falsely accused, among other things, of deliberately infecting the Yanomama with measles and paying them to kill each other for his research.)

Dreger is clearly a woman of great courage and tenacity, but endearingly exposes her own fears and weaknesses. If you want to see how some cultural anthropologists or gender studies professors can ride roughshod over facts to promote their own political agendas, the book is well worth reading. Its only flaw is that at times it dwells too extensively on gossip that seems irrelevant, though even that serves to humanize Dreger’s story.

The New York Times’s review is also positive, and says this:

“We are almost always too late,” Dreger writes. “We can bear witness afterward, of course. And witnessing matters. But so many days, I find myself selfishly wishing that witnessing felt like enough.”

Dreger’s lament aside, I suspect most readers will find that her witnessing of these wild skirmishes provides a ­splendidly entertaining education in ethics, activism and science.


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The Quantum Story: A History in 40 Moments, by Jim Baggott.  In my lifelong (and largely futile) attempt to understand the weirdness of quantum mechanics, I acquired this book, sent to me (and edited) by Latha Menon, my own editor at Oxford University Press. I’m about 2/3 of the way through it, and although it’s hard slogging at times (when Baggott proffers equations or technical explanation), it’s fascinating and well worth a read. Baggott, a former physical chemist who has written a slew of popular science books, divides the history of quantum mechanics into 40 chapters, starting with Planck and black body radiation and going through string theory and the discovery of the Higgs boson (you can see the contents on the Amazon site). It’s a masterful interweaving of the tortuous history of this branch of physics with the often colorful people who advanced it. I give it, again, 1.5 thumbs up (- 0.5 thumbs because of the sporadic difficulty of the text). And just maybe, when I reach the end, I’ll finally understand Bell’s Inequality and the experiments on quantum entanglement. But I hold out little hope.

The book sold very well, especially for something from a university press, and has been added to OUP’s “Landmark Science” series.

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Denying History: Who Says the Holocaust Never Happened and Why do they Say It?  by Michael Shermer and Alex Grobman. Shermer previously wrote one excellent chapter on Holocaust denialism in his  2002 book Why People Believe Weird Things, and he and Grobman have now expanded that treatment into an entire book. As I’ve just started it, I can’t say much about it, except that it looks thorough and worth reading by those who either deal with this kind of denialism, increasingly pervasive in the Arab world, or want a case study in confirmation bias and pseudoscience.

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And here are two books that are next on my list:

The Big Picture: On the Origins of Life, Meaning, and the Universe Itself by Sean M. Carroll.  This book deals with the implications of physics for philosophy and our own self-image, espousing what Carroll calls “poetic naturalism”. I’m a big fan of Carroll’s popular writing: as you know—he’s our Official Website Physicistℱ—and he’s my go-to person to explain arcane physics stuff. Here he synthesizes much of his thinking over the last few years (he’ll present it as well in the prestigious Gifford Lectures this winter), and the title is self-explanatory. The book has sold extremely well, even making the New York Times‘s best seller list, and has gotten generally excellent reviews (the NYT one is here). I suspect I’ll like it a lot—except for the bit on free will, for I’ve heard that Carroll comes out as a compatibilist.

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The Goldfinch by Donna Tartt. The older I get, the less fiction I read, as the real world just seems more interesting to me in my dotage. But I won’t give up fiction, and this is one book I’ll read. Our local Powell’s bookstore has a discard box outside the shop, where they put out for free all the used books people try to sell them but they don’t really want. I saw a mint copy of The Goldfinch in this box, and, recognizing the name and the book’s reputation (it won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 2014), I snapped it up. I barely know what it’s about (see details here), but the critical acclaim has been tremendous, and I’m looking forward to getting acquainted with an author I’ve never read.

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Finally, I’m reading a SuperSecret book that I can’t name as I’m going to review it formally. Stay tuned.

Now it’s your turn, as once or twice a year I solicit book suggestions from readers. What are you reading now, and do you like it? What summer books do you recommend for other readers?

Caturday felid trifecta: Training your cat, wine for moggies, London cats

June 25, 2016 • 9:30 am

We have two optimistic articles about how you can train your cat to do nearly anything. The upshot: see what the cat likes to do, and then reward it for that! The first article, by Julie Hecht in Scientific American, is called “Cats would like you to know they are open to training.” The second, a post by Cari Romm in New York Magazine, is ĂŒber-optimistically titled “You can train your cat to do your bidding.” It gives you some tips about training your moggie, and ends like this:

[And stay] patient. Animal trainer Samantha Martin, who runs the circus-cat act in the video [below] (it’s called Amazing Acro-Cats), has called cat training “a negotiation,” explaining: “Dogs are true professionals, but cats are more like employees who you would fire if they were people.” If you’re not going to fire ‘em, though, you might as well try and get them to do your bidding. Or something like it, anyway.

Here’s the video referred to, from National Geographic. Click on the screenshot to see The Amazing Acro-Cats, who do tricks on command (sort of. . . ). If you have trained your cat, please describe it in the comments.

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Wine for cats? Wine not? They already have drugs (catnip), and in fact that’s the basis for this new cat beverage:

A company in Denver has produced a new brand of “wine” for cats, expertly marketed it at those of us who are suckers for both.

That’s right: You and your seven cats (I’m not insulting you; that’s how many I’m currently parenting) can now relax together with a little vino.

Apollo Peak all-natural cat wine may have started as a joke—at least according to its creator, Brandon Zavala—but it’s now retailing at a serious-enough $14.95 purr bottle. It’s important to note that it contains no alcohol—but it can still get your cat fucked up, since it contains kitty-drug-of-choice catnip, as well as the beets that make it red. Two formulations are currently available: the Pinot Meow and the MosCato.

You can buy the stuff here, and I’d love to see how cats react to this drink:

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I know we have a fair number of readers who live in London, so for them—and the rest of us—I point you to the article on “London cats” from Little House of Cats. Two days ago I showed some pictures of the Art Deco building guarded by two cat statues, the Carreras Cigarette Factory in Camden Town, London, and here are a few more (go to the article for other felinia from London):

Hodge was one of the cats of author Dr Samuel Johnson (1709–1784). A bronze statue of Hodge by Jon Buckley stands in the courtyard outside Dr Johnson’s House (now a museum) at 17 Gough Square. Hodge is depicted sitting atop a copy of Johnson’s famous dictionary with a pair of oyster shells at his feet, and an inscription underneath which reads “a very fine cat indeed”.

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The statue of Dick Whittington’s cat can be found surrounded by protective railings at the foot of Highgate Hill. Dick Whitting and his cat is an English folk tale of a poor boy in the 14th century who becomes a wealthy merchant and eventually the Lord Mayor of London because of the ratting abilities of his cat, Tommy.

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Sam the cat is a playful statue at Queen Anne Square in Bloomsbury Square Gardens, depicting the feline about to jump off a wall onto the ground. It was donated by the local community in memory of nurse Patricia Penn (1914–1992), cat lover and champion of local causes. In the 1970s, Ms Penn campaigned to protect the area from developers and preserve historic buildings.

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The Soho Hotel cat is a 3m (10ft) bronze sculpture by Colombian artist Fernando Botero that dominates the lobby of the upscale hotel, in the heart of London’s entertainment district. The rotund feline demonstrates the artist’s trademark style of corpulent figures. As Botero explains: “An artist is attracted to certain kinds of form without knowing why. You adopt a position intuitively; only later do you attempt to rationalize or even justify it.” The Soho cat is one of several the artist has done: other Botero cat sculptures are in Medellín, Colombia; Singapore; Barcelona; Yerevan, Armenia; and New York.

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The Smithfield cat can be found on a column in the Priory Church of St Bartholemew the Great in West Smithfield. St Bartholomew’s was founded as an Augustinian priory in 1123. The Smithfield cat is located inside the south transept, just above and across from the bookstall. Much of St. Bartholomew’s interior predates the tradition of corbel heads on arches and pillars, so the cat is an unusual and unexplained ornament.

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And a street piece by Banksy!

Ratapult is a street art piece on Whitecross Street in Islington by elusive Bristol artist Banksy. It shows a rat being catapulted into the air by a cat. The rat wears a cape (or has it sprouted wings?) to cleverly elude capture. The inspiration for this piece comes from a black-and-white photo of a cat and rat (though the rat in the photo is cape-less / wingless).

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The photo:

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