The death of journalism: Slate becomes HuffPo

October 19, 2016 • 8:30 am

A friend referred me to a video on Slate about Trump, ISIS, and Islamophobia (you can watch it right below the “white undershirt” post on Slate’s front page reproduced below), but when I went to that page —for the first time in a long time—I was shocked.  Half of the page is in the screenshot below.

It seems that only about two years ago, Slate was a respectable website, though I may be misremembering. As opposed to Salon—always a bastion of Social Justice Warriorism and atheist-bashing—Slate was more reasonable, more sober, and had more gravitas

No more. Check out the front page (click on the screenshot to go there), which is apparently undergoing evolutionary convergence to PuffHo. This is evident not only from the obsessive articles about Trump and the endless worship of Hillary , but also from the presence of a cat-training post in big type (don’t get me wrong, I love cats, but I don’t want to see them on the front page of the New York Times), as well as other clickbait like articles on white undershirts, pizza, and personal problems. Further, there’s the use of annoying Generation Y-isms like “crushing it” (they mean that Domino’s revenues are up), and “70 Nobel Laureates who believe in science [seriously, “believe”?] endorse Clinton because, you know, she does too.” YOU KNOW?  And what, exactly, are the “sick burns” that Trump is collecting?

Slate is still a lot better than HuffPo (I don’t dare look at Salon), but give it time. All Left wing aggregator sites will, I predict, eventually converge to HuffPo, at which time Leftism will implode as, you know, a totally bogus ideology.

screen-shot-2016-10-19-at-6-57-42-am

Are there any webdites besides those of major newspapers that aren’t slanted and rife with Regressive Leftism?

Readers’ wildlife photos

October 19, 2016 • 7:34 am

Today we have pictures of one fat hummingbird (and a few other birds) taken by Andrei Volkov:

I think this is a young male ruby-throated hummingbird (Archilochus colubris) because all these spots on the neck and a single ruby-colored feather, barely visible in the second picture:

img_0978

img_0919

The metallic rod he is perching on used to support some flowering plants before, but now it serves him as an observation spot to watch after his territory (which includes my backyard with the hummingbird feeder):

img_0944

He spends a lot of time lately chasing away intruders, some of them being very persistent. Sometimes he flies around the backyard inspecting flowers (with not much success):

img_0965

img_0966

. . . and then comes back to the feeder:

img_0921

All the above pictures were taken on Sat Sept 24, and I think these are this year’s last hummingbird pictures from the area. I did not see any of them today on 25th, and I presume they went south for the winter. (Just look how fat the bird is on the pictures…)

Here is an animated GIF which I made with Premiere Elements out of my Handicam camcorder footage earlier this month:

hummingbirdanimated

And lastly, a couple of wildlife photos from our community lake (taken a couple of weeks ago):

A great blue heron (Ardea herodias) with a pack of Canada geese (Branta canadensis):

img_0610

And a green heron (Butorides virescens; winter is coming):

img_0526

 

Wednesday: Hili dialogue (and Leon monologue)

October 19, 2016 • 6:30 am

It’s Hump Day, Wednesday, October 19: exactly one week before I flee the U.S. to escape the election (I already voted) and to talk and eat good food in Singapore, Hong Kong, and China.  In Albania, it’s Mother Teresa Day (marking the day she was beatified in 2003), and the less said about that the better.

On this day in 1512, Martin Luther became a doctor of theology, and the rest is history. Also on this day, but in 1812, Napoleon began his punishing retreat from Moscow. In 1900, it was on October 19 that Max Planck discovered his “law” of black-body radiation—the formal inception of quantum physics. In 1960, the U.S. imposed its formal trade embargo against Cuba, which continues in a modified form in this day (no Cuban cigars for you!). And 11 years ago today, Saddam Hussein went on trial for crimes against humanity, ultimately leading to his conviction and hanging.

Notables born on October 19 include Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar (1910, for a short while one of my colleagues in Chicago), Lewis Wolpert (1929), Peter Tosh (1944), and Deborah Blum (1954). Those who died on this day include Jonathan Swift (1745), Edna St. Vincent Millay (1950), and cellist Jacqueline du Pré (died at age 42 in 1987 after a long battle with multiple sclerosis). Meanwhile in Dobrzyn, Hili is thinking Deep Thoughts while Mr. Cyrus contemplates a nap.

Cyrus: I’m going in.
Hili: I will indulge in contemplation a moment longer.
p1040978
In Polish:
Cyrus: Wracam do domu.
Hili: Ja jeszcze chwilę będę kontemplować.

And in Wloclawek, Leon has taken it upon himself to oversee the neighbor’s harvest:

Leon: I’m supervising the beetroot harvest.

14702360_1279638018723463_3945631460976955036_n

Finally, out in icebound Winnipeg, Gus continues to nom his box. This time he’s discovered the joys of gnawing on the sturdy corner:

Election forecast: If you think Trump might win, bet Professor Ceiling Cat

October 18, 2016 • 2:30 pm

Here’s Pivit’s latest elecdtion forecast, with a map and their notes. Note the “92.8% chance of Democratic victory.”

Shown below is a forecast for the Electoral Map in the 2016 Presidential election between Republican Donald Trump and Democrat Hillary Clinton. The prediction is updated daily, between now and election day (Tuesday, November 8).

This forecast is based on data from the Pivit prediction market. Hover over a state to see the individual probability for that state, as well as changes in Electoral College power for that state due to the 2010 census. [JAC: Go to origin site if you want to hover]

You can read about Pivit here and see whether you think it’s realiable. But I’m willing to bet readers (up to 5) $100 against $50 (I pay $100 if Trump wins) that Hillary will win.

screen-shot-2016-10-18-at-2-16-33-pm

And from the reliable site FiveThirtyEight:

screen-shot-2016-10-18-at-2-32-14-pm

 

Okay, can we please stop filling Facebook with Trump stuff now? He’s already lost. If you think otherwise, bet me!

h/t: Douglas S.

 

Animal-human love

October 18, 2016 • 1:30 pm

As the video’s title says, this is supposed to depict wild animals showing love to human beings. Well, that seems to be largely the case (I love the lions and foxes), though many of these animals aren’t really wild but have been around humans most of their lives. I’m also not sure about the love of the gator at 2:30, nor of the owls, which seem to be in Bird Jail.

h/t: Ivan

Natural selection in our species during the last two millennia

October 18, 2016 • 11:30 am

A question I’m always asked in popular lectures on evolution is this: “Are humans still evolving?” The answer I give is “Yes, but we have good evidence for such evolution in only a handful of traits: evolution of earlier reproductive maturity in females, later menopause, and selection for reduced blood pressure and a few other traits related to heart disease.” That is based on longitudinal studies of human health over decades, observing changes in these traits and presumed estimates of the genetic basis of their variation.

Now, however, we can, by DNA sequencing, look at DNA directly, and with some fancy statistical footwork, get an idea of which genes have changed in frequency so fast that they must have been due to positive natural selection. That’s the subject of a new paper in Science by Yair Field et al. (reference and free download below).  The authors conclude that several traits, including lactose tolerance, hair and eye color, and parts of the immune system, as well as height, have evolved within the last 2,000 years.

A short primer on how they did it. The authors looked at 3,915 sequenced genomes in the UK population trying to find evidence of recent selection. How does that work? Well, if a rare allele suddenly becomes favorable, it will rise quickly to high frequencies, dragging along with it the DNA in regions adjacent to the selected sites (recombination wouldn’t have time to separate the selected site from adjacent sites on the chromosomes, since recombination is rare between closely spaced bits of DNA). This means that a region of the genome around a recently selected bit of DNA would be genetically depauperate compared to the same stretch of DNA that isn’t around a selected nucleotide.  Then, if you look at variable DNA sites in that region, where more than one base pair is segregating at a single site, regions around a selected site would have fewer such “singletons” because they’d be genetically homogenous. And that, in turn, would mean that in regions near selected bits of the DNA, the distance between “singleton” (variable) sites would be larger than in alleles not subject to recent positive selection, since selected forms of genes would be linked to fewer variable singletons.

The authors figured out the statistics of the distribution of the inter-singleton-site distance in the sequenced genomes compared to alternative “alleles”, looking for those regions that showed significantly longer inter-singleton distances around a site that differed between forms of a gene, and thus a site that might have been subject to selection. That indicates that, with all probability, the target site between the singleton DNA bases rose to high frequency fairly recently.

How recently? The authors say that their method is best at detecting selection events (“sweeps”) in the last 2,000 years (about 75 or fewer generations). What did they find? Here’s some figures showing those genes (and traits) whose statistics indicate they were subject to selection during roughly the last two millennia.

Lactase persistence: the gene for digesting lactose, lactase, is usually turned off at weaning. In “pastoral” populations—those that keep sheep, goats or cows and drink their milk—there’s strong selection (a roughly 10% reproductive advantage) to keep the gene turned on, giving you a rich source of nutrients. And that gene shows recent signs of selection (see the longer distance between singletons around the A/A “lactase persistence” allele compared to the alternative heterozygote [G/A] and non-persistent [G/G] form). We knew this in fact from other data over the past decade, but it’s reassuring to see it with these authors’ statistics:

screen-shot-2016-10-18-at-10-45-20-am

Genes associated with pigmentation. Although the loci for skin color, presumably subject to selection for light skin in northerly climates, didn’t show a significant signal of selection, other genes associated with pigmentation, like blond hair, freckling, blue eyes, and so on, did. The four dark boxes are highly statistically significant, and if you combine all the data, the probability that this association is due to chance is miniscule: 0.000000003. Lighter pigmentation was selectively favored in the British sample. There are several theories of how such selection works, but I won’t go into them now.

screen-shot-2016-10-18-at-10-37-06-amGenes for becoming taller. Here’s a plot of the distance between singletons for height increasing alleles (combined across several genes thought to be involved in height) compared to alternative alleles that make you shorter. Although the displacement of the graphs looks minor, the probability that the distributional difference occurred by chance is 0.000000000001.

screen-shot-2016-10-18-at-10-54-38-am

The Major Histocompatibility region, involved in the immune system, is subject to “balancing selection”, with individuals having two forms of a gene deriving a selective advantage, presumably because they have a more responsive immune system. This, too, inhibits recombination around each selected allele, increasing the inter-singleton distance. This locus also shows highly significant differences from other regions.

Other genes. Finally, there is a host of other genes that give suggestions of having been recently selected: genes or “polygenic” (several-gene) traits. The traits or genes with the purple dots show significantly longer inter-singleton distances, but the authors are a bit less willing (except for height in both sexes) to say these genes and traits were subject to selection because there’s a problem of population structure (non-random mating across the entire group) that could make these differences appear more significant than they are. But here’s the figure just to show you what might have been selected (the pluses and minuses show the direction of evolutionary change).

screen-shot-2016-10-18-at-11-09-56-am

The upshot: In the last 2,000 years, there’s good evidence that lactase persistence and lighter pigmentation have been positively selected in the British sample of genes, that the MHC complex has been under balancing selection, and that the UK population  has been selected to get taller (you can devise your own explanations for that). Along with the putatively selected traits in the figure just above, this considerably expands the list of characters that have been selected in our species in recent centuries. Anybody who claims that human evolution has stopped is simply talking nonsense.

______________

Field, Y., E. A. Boyle, N. Telis, Z. Gao, K. J. Gaulton, D. Golan, L. Yengo, G. Rocheleau, P. Froguel, M. I. McCarthy, and J. K. Pritchard. 2016. Detection of human adaptation during the past 2000 years. Science. Published online, 13 OCT 2016, DOI: 10.1126/science.aag0776

Liberal hypocrisy, the hijab, and the Iranian chess boycott

October 18, 2016 • 9:15 am

For my own sanity, I’m going to stop looking at the Huffington Post, as there’s nothing there of value unless you’re a Regressive Leftist or need your daily Two Minutes of Trump Hate. But I did want to mention one salubrious piece in that otherwise odiferous venue brought to my attention by Grania. It’s by Zubin Madon, and called “When chess grandmatster Nazi Paikidze said no to the hijab she also unveiled liberal hypocrisy“.

If you’re a regular here, you’ll know that American women’s chess champion Nazí Paikidze-Barnes is boycotting the Women’s World Chess Championships in Iran because the women players will be forced to wear the hijab (headscarf). FIDE, the international chess association, chose that venue and is supporting the hijab requirement, despite the fact that it violates their own rules against sex discrimination. The U.S., Danish, and British chess federations have also decried the hijab requirement and supported Paikidze-Barnes, who started a Change.org petition that now has nearly 16,000 signatories.

This was pretty big news, and even the New York Times had a piece on Paikidze-Barnes’s boycott. But the PuffHo? Ha! While they take every opportunity to laud hijabis, including Olympic athletes who wear it, they say nothing about women who reject the oppressive garment. I’ve searched on PuffHo for any mention of Nazí’s boycott, and found. . . nada. But of course they, and many others, were all over themselves praising the “bravery” of U.S. Olympic fencer Ibtihaj Muhammad, who, after all, chose fencing simply because it was the one sport she could engage in while wearing a hijab.  Muhammad was not brave, nor a hero, and risked nothing by fencing while wearing a hijab. In contrast, Paikidze-Barnes risks her international chess ranking by standing up for women’s freedom of dress. She is the true hero.

But (probably due to an editorial error), Medon’s piece slipped into the PuffHo, and it tears the liberal media a new one for extolling hijabis while ignoring or even denigrating women like Paikidze-Barnes who refuses to wear a garment that is mandatory in Iran, enforced only on women, and comes from religious dictates about “modesty.”  Medon articulates what most of us have realized, but which is largely ignored by the liberal media: when there’s a conflict between women’s rights and the supposed oppression of Muslims (perceived as people of color), despite Islam’s generally oppression of women, the Left throws women under the bus. Unfortunately, those who oppress Muslims the most are other Muslims, who in many places subjugate half their population as well as gays, atheists, and those of non-Muslim faiths. Compared to that oppression, which effectively bars women from having any career aspirations and leads to the execution of gays and apostates, the “Islamophobia” loudly decried by places like the PuffHo (and that often conflates bigotry with criticism of Islam) is much less harmful.

Medon:

This latest controversy confirms what I have suspected all along—publishing articles glorifying modesty-culture as empowering, have little to do with defending a Muslim woman’s right to choose. If it were indeed about defending women’s freedom, left-leaning media outlets would have eulogized Nazi Paikidze’s choice with the same eloquence as they did a hijabi fencer’s choice to cover-up. They didn’t. Which makes the Western leftist’s (well meaning) romanticism of the veil nothing more than a patronizing exercise in virtue signalling.

Defending women in headscarves in the West from anti-Muslim bigotry (“Islamophobia” is a non-word) does not require pandering to Islamofascists in the East; or dismissing the agency of a White woman exercising her own freedom to choose. By failing to show solidarity with Paikidze, Western liberals have also failed the vast swaths of non-observant Muslim women like Asra Nomani and Hala Arafa, who reject the idea that a scrap of cloth defines their cultural identity.

I have previously written about how the left’s apologism and double standards on Islamism are harming the very minorities they claim to protect. Fearing that right-wing bigots will co-opt any criticism of Islamic dogma, the left has unwittingly ended up pandering to the most regressive elements within these minorities. Their pseudo-liberalism is undoing the hard-won victories of Western feminists who have struggled for decades to bring about emancipation.

Part of the “controversy” mentioned by Medon refers to an op-ed by Azadeh Moaveni in the October 7 New York Times (Moaveni is described as “a lecturer in journalism at Kingston University and the author of “Lipstick Jihad: A Memoir of Growing up Iranian in America and American in Iran”). Moaveni makes three insupportable statements: that the majority of Iranian women “wear the head scarf by choice”; that pressure from the West will not only be ineffective at changing Iranian law and FIDE’s dictat, but “plays into the hands of conservatives who claim that the West uses women’s rights as a tool to humiliate the pressure them”; and that change in Iran must come from Iranians, not dictated to the country by “outsiders.”

First of all, the evidence that most Iranian women choose to wear the headscarf is nil. Before the revolution in1979, turning Iran into a theocracy, most women did not wear the headscarf, and there were huge protests by Iranian women when the government made the hijab mandatory. The government put down those protests. Sites like #Mystealthyfreedom continue to show Iranian women (always anonymous) doffing their hijabs, eager to let their hair fly free.  Here’s just the most recent post:

screen-shot-2016-10-18-at-8-47-34-am

Further, nobody seems to even think about the simple fact that in a society where there’s social and familial pressure to be “good girls” or “good Muslims” by wearing the hijab—not to mention, of course, the religious policing and laws—the concept of “choice” becomes nebulous. What is a “choice” can only be seen in a society where there is absolutely no stigma attached to not wearing the hijab. 

Finally, there’s no evidence that pressure from non-Iranians will slow “progress” in the rights of Iranian women. I deeply resent the idea that “outsiders” aren’t allowed to criticize the oppression of women (or gays and apostates, for that matter) because such criticism slows progressive change. What that really amounts to is a call to retain the status quo, and an assertion that women’s rights differ between Iran and the U.S.(It reminds me of how the segregationist South resented the intrusion of “outsider” northerners with their ideas about integration.) It’s pure moral relativism, though to be fair Moaveni notes that many of her contemporaries don’t like the mandatory hijab.

It’s like saying we shouldn’t criticize the horrible injustices of North Korea because we must let the North Koreans change their own society. The problem is that in both North Korea and Iran, people aren’t free to object to the government. One could equally well make the case that the criticism of women like Paikidze-Barnes is heartening to Iranian women, giving them examples of nations where women have not only greater freedom of dress, but greater freedom to criticize their government.

The notion that we shouldn’t criticize Islamic oppression of women is argued in a similar editorial by Sarah Harvard at Mic.com 

“Iranian and other Muslim women have to be heard directly,” Keshavarz said. “Unless their own voices are heard and appreciated, what we know about them will remain second hand, diluted and often misrepresented and misunderstood. Boycotting an event that will recognize the abilities of the Iranian women and uplift them — in the name of supporting these women — is quite ironic to say the least.”

According to Keshavarz, there’s a white savior complex narrative inherent to Paikidze-Barnes’ boycott that permeates the media airwaves and leaves Iranian-women in a deprived position.

“White savior complex”? Give me a break. If there’s any complex operating here, it’s the “Let brown people oppress each other as much as they want” complex.

Readers’ wildlife photographs

October 18, 2016 • 7:30 am

Reader Lou Jost, a biologist, naturalist, and photographer living in Ecuador, sent some photos from the Tambopata National Reserve in the Peruvian Amazon. His notes are indented, and this is just part one of a two-part series of orthopterans.


At the Tambopata Research Center we got up around 4:30 am most days, and evenings after dinner there were often talks, so we had little time to explore the forest at night. But one night before bed I couldn’t resist exploring for an hour. In that hour I found so many things that I only managed to advance about 20 meters from the lodge.

Orthoptera (Grasshoppers, katydids, and crickets); most of the these don’t merit individual captions since I know nothing at all about them!

_1080809

_1080823

_1080831

_1080834

_1080841

_1080843

_1080844

_1080867