Category: marine and aquatic life

Readers’ wildlife photos

December 7, 2025 • 8:30 am

Today we have some marine mammal photos taken by Marcel van Oijen. Marcel’s captions are indented, and you can enlarge the photos by clicking on them.  Here’s a screenshot of the site, the island of Inchkeith:

Seal pup counting on the island of Inchkeith

Marcel van Oijen

The island of Inchkeith lies a few km from Scotland’s capital Edinburgh in the Firth of Forth, the sea-arm to the north. The last human to live on the island, the lighthouse-keeper, left in 1986. (The lighthouse is now controlled remotely from Edinburgh as are most lighthouses in Scotland.) Wildlife has since come back, and there is now a thriving colony of grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) producing around 900 pups each year. I took the photos below during the pup count of 29 November organised by the Forth Islands Heritage Group of volunteers.

This is near the harbour where we arrived, and we had to be careful not to get too close. Fortunately the female was busy keeping the male away from her pup. Cannibalism does happen occasionally.

Looking back to the harbour with the second group of volunteers just arriving. Note the many seals on the beach and in the water

Mating couple. The female life cycle is intense: a few weeks after giving birth and after the pup is weaned, they can be impregnated again:

This pup has moulted (i.e., lost its fluffy white baby-coat called the lanugo), so it will be three to four weeks old. At that age pups will be weaned and have to fend for themselves.

Two young pups who have just begun moulting, starting from the head:

Female seals carefully watching us:

This pup is nearly done moulting, some fluff left on top:

A moulted pup with an unusual colour, not the standard dappled grey:

Overview of ‘our’ patch of the island where we counted around 200 pups:

The most affectionate mother we saw on the island. She occasionally rolled on her back with eyes closed but always kept patting her pup with her front flipper:

Looking back to Inchkeith with fond memories!:

Readers’ wildlife photos

October 30, 2025 • 8:15 am

UC Davis math professor and Hero of Intellectual Freedom Abby Thompson sends us some intertidal photos (with one mammal). Abby’s IDs and captions are indented, and you can enlarge the photos by clicking on them.

And don’t forget to send in your photos!

A late summer entry from the tidepools, including a mystery through the microscope:

First, two handsome chitons:  these are the fellows who cling to rocks like a limpet, and, if dislodged, curl up like a pill-bug to protect their soft undersides:

(Lepidozona mertensii) Merton’s Chiton:

(Mopalia lignosa) Woody chiton:

Genus Themiste (peanut worm); the species is uncertain. The body of the worm lies below the sand.    The tentacles are very active (and very skittish), sweeping in particles towards the mouth:

I’ve posted some pictures of the deer that often come down to the beach before dawn.  The cliffs down to the beach are quite steep in places, and sadly sometimes the deer slip and fall.  This must have been a fawn (based on size).    Skip the next picture if you’re not a nature-tooth-and-claw person:

Dead deer- probably a mule deer, Odocoileus hemionus:

Diaulula odonoghuei (Northern leopard dorid):  This species is typically further north, although I’ve found it here a few times:

The next three photos are a puzzle to me, maybe some readers have a suggestion.   They’re through a microscope. I was looking at bryozoans on a piece of kelp, when I noticed some ring-like things on stems growing out of the bryozoans.    The first picture is a side view showing the stems.   In the second picture you can see the (greenish) rings forming inside one of the bryozoans- the rings seem to turn peachy as they mature.  The final picture shows the mature rings from above.   Inaturalist hasn’t come up with a suggestion so far.     From what I’ve read of marine bryozoans, I don’t think this is part of their reproductive cycle.    A tentative suggestion from the Bodega Marine Lab (thanks!!) is “stemmed diatoms”; the world is a mysterious place:

Triopha maculata– a particularly handsome nudibranch:

Readers’ wildlife photos

August 25, 2025 • 8:15 am

Today, mathematician and Hero of Intellectual Freedom, UC Davis’s Abby Thompson has more lovely intertidal pictures from California. Her captions and IDs are indented, and you can enlarge the photos by clicking on them.

The Northern California tidepools are filling with kelp, and creatures are hiding away under it.   Here are some photos while there’s still a bit of summer left.     These are from July, except for the pelicans (August 1). Thanks as usual to experts on inaturalist for some of the IDs.

Tegula funebralis (black tegula): I love these tracks on the sand at low tide; it looks as though the snails are trying to tell us something:

Closeup of the barnacle-encrusted snail from the first photo:

Hesperocyparis macrocarpa (Monterey Cypress). The trunks get stroked by many hands as people pass them on their way down to the beach:

Pelecanus occidentalis (brown pelican): There must have been a large shoal of fish near shore; the pelicans (it seemed like hundreds of them) were going nuts.    Their lethal dives, with those incredible beaks, makes their relation to dinosaurs look very convincing.  The Point Reyes peninsula is in the background:

Family Ammotheidae (Pycnogonid-sea spider): The lumpy white spots on the legs are eggs (what a place to carry them!), which I believe makes this a female.  The males carry the eggs after they are fertilized:

Tenellia lagunae (nudibranch):

The next few photos are through a microscope.  I have an ancient Leitz Wetzlar dissecting scope, with an old iphone precariously clamped over one eyepiece. There must be a better way, but I haven’t figured it out yet.

Diatoms: Genus Isthmia; Lou Jost’s beautiful post on WEIT on the Challenger Expedition and the diatoms they found  was inspiring. It’s disconcerting, as a non-biologist, to look through a microscope at a fluffy, frothy bit of seaweed (the reddish stuff) and see, scattered all through it, these incredibly regular geometric shapes:

Diatoms closeup:

Neosabellaria cementarium ((tiny) polychaete worm):

Phylum Foraminifera: This was a surprise to me, partly because I had never heard of foraminifera, but mostly because it turns out they’re single-celled organisms (like diatoms), so that’s one cell you’re seeing.   Google AI says this about the difference between diatoms and foraminifera: “Diatoms are photosynthetic algae with silica cell walls, while foraminifera are amoeboid protists with calcium carbonate or agglutinated shells.”

There are many more elaborate/complex ones than this one (there’s one that looks a lot like a loaf of challah, for example).   It’s worth googling “foraminifera” and “Ernst Haeckel” to see some amazing illustrations. The Challenger Expedition discussed by Lou Jost also collected and documented foraminifera.  According to Wikipedia, the first picture of one was by “…Robert Hooke in his 1665 book Micrographia”.  This book (available through WikiSource online) has charming sections like: “Of the Teeth of a Snail”, and “Of blue Mould, and of the first Principles of Vegetation arising from Putrefaction”.   The possible foraminifera appears as figure X in Schema 5.   He says (in Observation XI) “I view’d it every way with a better Microscope and found it on both sides, and edge-ways, to resemble the Shell of a small Water-Snail with a flat spiral Shell:” Imagine being one of the first to be able to peer into this world!

The camera for the first six pictures in an Olympus TG-7.

Readers’ wildlife photos

July 6, 2025 • 8:15 am

If all goes well, these photos from John Avise, one showing pinnipeds, will appear as his usual Sunday contribution. (I’m scheduling it in advance.) John’s captions and IDs are indented, and you can enlarge the photos by clicking on them.

Whale-watching Trips, Part 4. Pinnipeds

No, they’re not cetaceans, but seals and sea lions are other marine mammals sometimes seen on whale-watching tours out of Southern California.  This week I continue the “Whale-watching” series by showing my photos of some pinniped species that I’ve encountered on these nature excursions.

California Sea Lion (Zalophus californianus):

California Sea Lion, juvenile:

California Sea Lion, head shot:

California Sea Lion, group basking:

Harbor Seal (Phoca vitulina), swimming:

Harbor Seal, basking:

Harbor Seal, headshot:

Harbor Seal, pup nursing:

Harbor Seals, basking:

Harbor Seals, swimming and basking:

Harbor Seals, adult and pup on land:

 

Readers’ wildlife photos

June 29, 2025 • 8:15 am

Today is Sunday, and that means it’s John Avise Photo Day.  Today John sends us pictures of dolphins. His captions and IDs are indented, and you can enlarge the photos by clicking on them.

Whale-watching Trips, Part 3. Dolphins

This week I continue the Southern California “Whale-watching” series by showing my photos of some smaller cetacean species that are often seen on these three-hour off-shore nature excursions.

Common Bottlenose Dolphin, Tursiops truncatus:

Bottlenose Dolphin jumping:

Bottlenose Dolphin, adult and calf jumping:

Bottlenose Dolphin, blowhole close-up:

Bottlenose Dolphin fluke:

Risso’s Dolphin, Grampus griseus:

Risso’s Dolphin, dorsal fin:

Risso’s Dolphin, blowhole and spout:

Common Dolphin, Delphinus delphis, pod:

Readers’ wildlife photos

June 28, 2025 • 8:30 am

I’m running very low on readers’ wildlife photos, so send some in this week if you got ’em. They may have to wait a while to be posted, but I don’t like to run out. Thanks!

Today’s batch of marine pictures comes from mathematician and intellectual hero Abby Thompson, who loves to photograph  tidepools of California. Her captions and IDs are indented, and you can enlarge the photos by clicking on them. There are some very weird worms here; see especially the last two.

The number of different species of marine worms is incredible, with many of them undescribed.   As one of the experts who is kind enough to help with IDs on inat has said, “so many worms, so little time”.     A remarkable recent paper, started by a student project at the Bodega Bay Marine Lab, documents 11 new species of nemertean worms found in a very small area that has been studied extensively for decades.  So what follows is just a sampling of some of the species found on a short stretch of the Northern California coast.

Pterocirrus montereyensis:

Paradialychone ecaudata:

Genus Thelepus; this medusa-like creature is in the family Terebellidae, called “spaghetti worms” for obvious reasons:

Genus Naineris. It’s hard to pick my favorite among all these worms, but this is a strong contender. The species here is unclear and possibly undescribed. I’ve found just a few of these, in 3-4 very small (like 6”x8”) always-shaded pools in the high intertidal zone.    They appear (as does so much) as a slight pinkish fuzz until they are magnified. There’s a video of one eating here,  The worm transports sand grains to its mouth along those dark channels, then apparently scrapes off the organic material:

This is a worm trifecta from the same tiny pool- Genus Naineris, Paradialychone ecaudata, and a peanut worm, Phascolosoma agassizii– that’s the black-and-white splotchy one:

Genus Aphrodita (sea mouse). From Wikipedia:  “The name of the genus is taken from Aphrodite, the ancient Greek goddess of love, said to be because of a resemblance to human female genitalia.” I think “sea mouse” is a better descriptor, myself.  Its camouflage on the sand is almost perfect.  I included the next picture of its underside so you can actually see it:

Aphrodita, the underside:

Family Phyllodocidae (paddle worm) This tiny guy (about ½”) looked like a miniature dragon:

Serpula columbiana; luckily, these lovely worms are fairly common:

Serpula columbiana (the pink-and-white bit) closing up:

Genus Amblyosyllis; this and the next one are the other contenders for my favorite. They look to me like illustrations from Dr. Seuss.  They’re both undescribed species.  These two are the only ones of this genus I’ve found:

Genus Amblyosyllis:

Readers’ wildlife photographs

June 2, 2025 • 8:15 am

Math professor and Hero of Intellectual Freedom Abby Thompson of UC Davis has sent us some tidepool photos, along with a few birds. Her captions are indented, and you can enlarge the photos by clicking on them.

The first picture is of a pair of foolish birds from my back porch, followed by some Northern California tidepool pictures from late April and May.   The tides the last week of May were among the lowest of the year, occurring at a very unfortunate time of day (near dawn) for those who prefer a leisurely morning, like me.    As usual I got help from people on inaturalist for some of the IDs.

I don’t understand how mourning doves ever manage to reproduce. Here’s a pair pondering building a nest on the extremely wobbly fan hanging from the trellis over our porch. I’ve also seen them trying to nest on the peak of the roof and on a very narrow garden railing.  They give new meaning to the word birdbrain.    I strung up a nice, spacious, secure basket for them right near the fan, which they totally ignored.   They eventually gave up on the fan; they’ve probably found a nice spot smack in the middle of a parking lot somewhere.

On to the tidepools:

Thorlaksonius subcarinatus: This is a species of amphipod, which (I feel like I keep saying this) is tiny, just a bright orange speck. Amphipods are like isopods (the roly-polys in your garden) except they’re flattened vertically instead of horizontally.  The Thorlaksonius part is for sure, the species seems likely correct:

Liparis florae (tidepool snailfish).  About 2” long.  The second picture is a close-up of its weird eye:

Rostanga pulchra (nudibranch). This species eats a bright orange sponge, on which it becomes practically invisible:

(Family) Sabellidae (feather duster worm) It’s not possible even to determine genus from this photo:

Phidiana hiltoni (nudibranch):

I took a picture of the brown-and-white-striped worm (Tubulanus sexlineatus) and only noticed afterward that the photo includes both a nudibranch (Coryphella trilineata) to the right of the worm and a sea spider (Pycnogonum stearnsi) to the left. Tidepools are crowded places:

A little jellyfish, Polyorchis haplus (I think). This one was stranded on the sand, but when plopped into a small pool it started zipping around. The red spots are eyespots:

Acanthodoris nanaimoensis (nudibranch). I don’t see this species very often, and it’s a knock-out:

 

Camera info:  Mostly Olympus TG-7 in microscope mode, pictures taken from above the water.