Does Scalia really think that humanity is 5,000 years old?

June 7, 2015 • 12:00 pm

Here’s a bit of Supreme Court Justice Antonin Scalia’s commencement address at Stone Ridge School of the Sacred Heart, a Catholic girls school teaching students from kindergarten through 12th grade (age 18). This was his granddaughter’s commencement, which accounts for why he spoke. Scalia is a devout Catholic.

I start the video at 2:32, where Scalia remarks that humanity has been around for 5,000 years or so:

Of course the Vatican officially accepts the existence of evolution, but 23% of its adherents are still young-Earth creationists. It’s not impossible that Scalia is one of them. Of course how you interpret the word “humanity” is variable: it could mean “civilization” (but “urban” settlements began around 10,000 years ago), the advent of the genus Homo (about 2.5 million years), or the time when our ancestors diverged from those of modern apes (around 5 million years).

The Washington Post reproduced Scalia’s remark without comment, but some sites, but others, like Think Progress, have called this an episode of Scalia “blowing the creationist dog whistle,” while the Patheos website Progressive Secular Humanist argues with confidence that this expresses Scalia’s belief in young-Earth creationism, noting that, in the 1987 case of Edwards v. Aguillard (a creationism-in-school issue that 7 of the nine judges rejected), Scalia wrote a dissent claiming that the evidence for creationism was stronger than that for evolution, and that evolution could be accurately called a “myth”.  (The other dissenter was William Rehnquist.) And I’ve written before how Scalia does appear to accept the existence of Satan (see here and here),

Still it’s hard to believe that a guy with this kind of brain (yes, he’s smart) could really be a young-Earth creationist. My guess is that it was just an offhand remark that’s been blown out of proportion. But I might be wrong, and a savvy interviewer should ask him.

Readers’ wildlife photographs

June 7, 2015 • 9:30 am

Reader Bruce Lyon sends some photos of nesting Norther Harriers and a really nice story of their breeding biology and appearance:

In April I found a Northern Harrier (Circus cyaneus) nest along the coast north of Santa Cruz in California. Harriers nest on the ground in marshy or brushy areas. Female harriers do all of the incubation but the male brings her food (mostly mice) while she incubates. The food is delivered in an aerial transfer: the female chases the male until he drops the prey item, which the female then snatches before it hits the ground. I knew the harriers had to have a nest in a patch of scrub because I saw several aerial transfers in the spot. In each of these, the male arrived with a mouse, gave his distinctive “I have a mouse” call, which brought the female up off the ground to get the mouse from the male, and she then returned to the same spot of ground. I knew the nest had to be within a ten by ten meter square area but I could not find it, both because the vegetation was dense and the female sat very tightly on the nest refusing to budge. Eventually I came within three feet the nest and the female flushed, and I was treated to the most adorable baby raptors I have ever seen. In the photo below below two chicks have just hatched and eventually all five eggs hatched:

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The nest (bottom center of the photo) is in coastal scrub right next to the coast:IMG_9252adj

The female continued to bring in nesting material even after the chicks hatched. Here she is about to drop down to the nest:

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Both parents dive-bombed me quite a bit the few times I checked the nest but they never actually hit me with their feet or talons. Some birds of prey will strike, and some can do serious damage. The pioneering English bird photographer Eric Hosking lost an eye to a Tawny Owl (and later wrote a book with the amusing title “An Eye for a Bird”). This is the female turning to come at me:

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Female threatening with her feet:

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Below: The male on his favorite perch. This species is quite dimorphic in plumage coloration—females are a lovely warm brown color while males have a pearly gray plumage coloration. I see mostly female plumage birds along the coast north of Santa Cruz and have often wondered if the sex ratio is really biased. In a related species in Europe (Marsh Harrier) it was recently discovered that some males bear female plumage their entire lives so I now wonder if something similar could be going in Northern Harriers. (Sternalski et al. 2011. Adaptive significance of permanent female mimicry in a bird of prey. Biology Letters 8:167-170). Spoiler alert: males with female plumage are treated with reduced aggression by territorial males in full male plumage.

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Male leaving the perch to come and voice his concern to me:
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Male in flight:
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Male coming in for a landing:
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Below: Harriers have facials ruffs (or disks) that make them seem like half hawk, half owl—the resemblance seems to be an example of convergent evolution. Like many owls, harriers can accurately locate prey entirely by sound cues and their sound-reflecting facial ruffs are similar to those found in owls. Bill Rice, now well known for his experimental evolution studies with Drosophila, did his PhD work on harriers and showed that (1) in the lab harriers are as accurate as many owls in locating sounds, and they are far more accurate than other hawks, and (2) wild harriers in the field can accurately target mouse-like sounds emitted from hidden speakers (“mouse-like” because Rice made the sounds himself after practicing to sound like a Microtus vole). Rice WR 1982 Acoustical location of prey by the marsh hawk: adaptation to concealed prey. Auk 99:403-413.
The facial disk  of the female (left) of my pair was much more distinct than the male (right) but this may be due entirely to contrasting color of the egg of the ruff on the female. According to species accounts for harriers, the brown eyes of this female means she is a young bird (one year old); older females have yellow eyes:
Famale and male facial disks

Sunday: Hili dialogue

June 7, 2015 • 8:16 am

Though it’s Ceiling Cat’s Day of Rest, the Imagine No Religion meetings proceed, with talks today by Harriet Hall, me, Lawrence Krauss, and Carolyn Porco, and a speakers’ dinner tonight. There were some interesting talks yesterday, with three of them about how to address the growing problem of Islamic radicalism—two by ex-Muslims. All of the talks gave different suggestions, but Maryam Namazie’s was especially controversial for me, since she claimed that Islamic radicalism was not at all a problem of religion, but of “politics and control”—the desire of one group to control others, both Muslims of different sects and women.  Yet she also asserted that bringing secularism to the Middle East would help the problem (why, if it’s not religious?), and at the end of her talk she quoted from Lennon’s “Imagine no religion” verse. But if religion isn’t at least a major part of the problem, why would its absence help anything? Her implication was that if there were no religion, things would still be as bad in the Middle East as they are now, for the desire to control others would still cause harm. I disagree strongly, for I see that as a Glenn Greenwald/Karen Armstrong approach based on avoidance of palpable motivations. I have great respect for Namazie’s work, but her words seem to contradict both her actions and even other words in her own talk.

Peter Boghossian had some interesting suggestions about how to intervene on both the macro and micro level to “de-brand” ISIS, including forming a PAC to develop an advertising campaign to take the “cool” out of ISIS, just as they took the “cool” out of cigarette smoking in the 80s. He suggested that we rebrand ISIS as “goofy” rather than cool, though I don’t know how one would do that. Both he and Faisal Saeed al Muttar, however, agreed that religion, not “power,” was the biggest problem behind Islamic radicalism, and that the key to solving that problem lies in first recognizing its religious nature.

Chris DiCarlo related the heartbreaking tale about how he had lost jobs and tenure by being an atheist—in Canada!—and proposed that we devise some kind of “fairness machine” that could make decisions without human bias. That, of course, presupposes some objective view of ethics, à la Sam Harris, and I’m dubious that such a machine could work without first being programmed by subjective human values. But it would at least have decided to give DiCarlo tenure, which he fully deserves as an articulate philosopher and excellent teacher who uses the Socratic method.

Finally, Robert Price, an atheist who works at a theological seminary, gave a nice talk about the question of the historicity of Jesus, which he doubts but can’t adduce convincing disproof, though he agrees that question has nothing to do with either the existence of God or the tenets of Christianity. His talk was full of erudite references, but was engrossing, as he showed convincingly that Christianity was just a myth resembling many that had gone before it. He also mentioned—and this is something I hadn’t thought about—that we have no proof that the Jesus person or myth didn’t begin forming long before the “zero A.D.” time we commonly think of.

Richard Dawkins and Lawrence Krauss had an hourlong conversation at the end of the evening, covering diverse topics including the security blanket of religion, the nature of alien life (what might it be like? carbon based? would it have eyes, and DNA?), the bizarre nature of quantum mechanics, and so on.  I have pictures, but no time to share them today, I suspect. Tomorrow I have the day off before I fly to Vancouver, and a kind reader, a research biologist at the facility, has promised to give me a “behind the scenes” tour of the Vancouver Aquarium in Stanley Park, which I certainly intend to do. Meanwhile in Dobrzyn, Hili is jarred by religion:

A: What are you thinking about?
Hili: Either my ears are ringing or it’s the church bells.

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In Polish:
Ja: Nad czym myślisz?
Hili: Albo mi w uszach dzwoni, albo to dzwony kościoła.

D-Day anniversary

June 6, 2015 • 2:00 pm

by Grania Spingies

June 6th is the anniversary of D-Day, the Normandy Landings in 1944 when the Allies invaded German-occupies Western Europe and perhaps can be said to be the turning point in the war.

Reader Randy alerted Jerry to this quiz which tests your knowledge of the Operation in some detail.  The quiz is fairly quick to take but it requires a respectable knowledge of the planning and execution of the invasion. Jerry took the quiz and netted 56% which he was surprised at.

I don’t count myself as knowledgeable on the subject, although somehow I have gleaned certain facts which I must attribute to Hollywood (but not Saving Private Ryan) rather than any study or reading.

My parents were children during War 2, but in spite of it overshadowing their young lives they rarely if ever spoke of it at home. One is British and the other is German, so perhaps they felt it was a subject best left alone.

Do take the quiz and weigh in below with the score.

Hat-tip: Randy

A theology graduate speaks about our supposed need to learn moar theology before criticizing religion

June 6, 2015 • 11:45 am

Yesterday I posted a reader’s beef from someone named “heavymetalvomitparty,” who said that my opinions on God, theology, and philosophy were worthless since I was neither monk, priest, nor philosopher.  Be that as it may, we have a comment on the same thread by one “solnedgangman,” who wrote at length, and whose comment I decided to make into a post. It’s an appropriate reply because it’s by a theologian with at least some CREDENTIALS! This commenter also has a website, Tree of Talking:

Dear “heavymetalvomitparty,”

I am a credentialed theologian! At least, that is what I was told after graduating with my BA in theology from St. Gregory University, a Benedictine school in Shawnee, Oklahoma. Perhaps you will not accept me as an authority on theology on the basis of an undergraduate degree, given that I lack an M.Div. or the hilariously named STD (sacrae theologiae doctor, or doctor of sacred theology), though I do have two MAs and a Ph.D. in other fields. However, I can tell you that my few years at the undergraduate level was enough to divest me rather completely of the notion that theology was the study of anything solid, that there was an object to this subject. I went in a fairly faithful Catholic eager to uncover the workings of the divine and came out, on my graduation day, with an awareness that I had wasted my time completely. I enjoyed some classes. Studying scripture entailed the heady analysis of texts, while our classes on ethics and morality were headed by a knowledgable and passionate professor who was capable of taking us into some controversial territory. However, any truly challenging discussion always ended with “God said so” or “the Church said so” (both of which are simply restatements of “the Church said that God said so”). How can there be such a thing as a just war but not a just abortion? The Church said so.

What I ended up discovering is that there are no actual standards in theology. If there were, then there would be unity in the field, rather than division. Look at biology, chemistry, and physics. We consider them separate fields for the purposes of organizing a university, but they are mutually informative–in fact, we can’t really understand biology in its modern manifestation without tackling chemistry and physics. All are subject to the same universal laws because they are studying the same thing, if with different emphases–the universe itself, material reality. Contrast this with theology. Your progressive folk will claim that all religions are expressions of the same universal truth, but if so, why do they come to such different answers about the nature of that universal truth? Why, if theologians are approaching the same phenomenon, are there Christians, Jews, Hindus, Sikhs, Muslims, etc.? These are not overlapping disciplines–these are mutually exclusive worldviews. Even in the “field” of Christianity, there are exclusive subsets. Your Catholic theologian believes that the bread and wine of the Eucharist become the literal (not figurative) body and blood of Christ, while the Protestant finds symbolism there. If both have open access to the same God, then that God is lying to one group or the other–or both. (And if you want my view on the Eucharist, check out this post on my own poorly maintained blog: http://treeoftalking.wordpress.com/2013/11/01/the-real-miracle-of-the-eucharist/)

My study of theology made me aware of the fact that there was no objective, empirical underpinning to the field. Nothing on which you could hang your hat. Just the promise of some hint at the divine through the contemplation of “mysteries”–or absurdities lent an air of sanctity by dint of tradition. Philosophy, on the other hand, I find very useful. My own academic work explores issues of racial violence, and I regularly reference several philosophers, such as racial theorist Charles W. Mills, or Claudia Card and Arne Johan Vetlesen, who have both done amazing work in fashioning secular theories of evil. But such philosophical work is based upon empirically derived evidence. These philosophers reference historians, scientists, psychologists, sociologists, anthropologists, etc. Theology has no such grounding in the real world. Sure, some theologians have a concern for society, such as liberation theologians like James H. Cone, who provide genuine critiques of racism and inequality. But insofar as those critiques are based upon reference to some view of the divine, they are refutable by those outside that theological tradition, and thus such debates eventually devolve into arguments over some bit of scripture’s relevance to a modern issue rather than the nature of the issue itself, its real-world components. We can only solve problems we experience in this world by reference to the world, not to otherworldly spirits whose existence has never been verified.

I can add only this: QED.

Caturday felid trifecta: Does God speak through cats?, catmouflage, and cat libraries: check out a cat at work!

June 6, 2015 • 10:45 am

In line with my policy of always having a Caturday felid post, no matter where I am, here is a trifecta!

First, a ten-year-old book on Cats and God, Does God Ever Speak Through Cats?, by David Evan. The cover and precis:

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“Does God Ever Speak through Cats?” is a book about Christian spirituality and cats. When David Evans moved into a new house in Los Angeles, he unwittingly embarked on two strange new journeys. One involved a totally new relationship with God. The other was focused on a stray cat that was living in the backyard. To David’s great surprise, he discovered that these two very different journeys were related to each other and had a lot in common. This is the book he wrote to tell that story.

My informant notes this: “By the way, take the time to read some of the ‘reviews.’  And the bio on the back (click the ‘Look Inside’ option) states that the author wrote for the TV shows the Monkees and Love American Style!”

Here are some of those reviews:

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Unfortunately, I lost the source of these camouflaged cats (and three d*gs for the miscreants), but perhaps some reader will know. Can you spot the cats?

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I’m sure I’ve shown this one before:

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And a lone d*g:

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Finally, from many sources (e.g., here, here, here, and here), we learn of a Cat Library in Las Cruces, New Mexico, where I’ll be visiting a friend this summer (you better believe I’ll visit this!) The library is in the offices of Doña Ara County, which has partnered with a local animal shelter to bring cats needing special attention to the offices. The lucky employees can either visit the “cat condo,” which houses 5 felines at a time, or check out a cat to take to their office for a while! Over 100 cats have been adopted by this program. This is the best idea ever, though I’m not sure what it does for productivity. . .

Now how much work would you get done if you could have one of these at your desk? (From imgur):

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Here’s a short video about the program:

h/t: Heather Hastie, Blue, Merilee, Todd

 

Readers’ wildlife photos

June 6, 2015 • 9:45 am

Here is a truncated version of RWPs again, with photos sent by readers in the last two days. First are four photos by the reliable Stephen Barnard in Idaho:

Eastern Kingbird (Tyrannus tyrannus):

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Those tiny eaglets (offspring of Desi and Lucy) that, just two weeks ago, were fluffballs, have now become huge predators! Apparently they haven’t yet flown.

Bald Eaglet exercising its wings (Haliaeetus leucocephalus)

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 Desert Cottontail (Sylvilagus audubonii)

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 Swainson’s Hawk (Buteo swainsoni):

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Reader Randy Schenk found some nesting swallows:

Discovered another nest of Barn Swallows (Hirundo rustica) around the corner in another building and this one was being attended by two very noisy swallows that did not like me getting too close.  The first photo is probably the male while the one at the nest, the female.  Notice they build the nest up to within an inch or inch and one half of the ceiling.  Makes it a little tight getting in and out but that is likely what they are after.

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